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B-lactam antibiotics (class) name drugs
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aminoglycosides (class) overview
- bactericidal
- most effective against G-ve bacteria
- given as injection
- gd in alkaline conditions so gd to tx UTIs
- resistance to these developes quickly due to inactivation by bacterial enzymes
- side effects include vestibular + audtory toxicity
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aminoglycosides (class) name drugs
- streptomycin
- neomycin
- gentamycin- only one effective against pseudomonas spp
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tetracyclins (class) overview
- bacteriostatic- bind to A site in ribosomes
- X bbb, widely distributed, orally absorbed
- wide spectrum of activity
- recycled thro bile so gd for liver/bilary/gut infections
- side effects- superinfection (rare)
- common plasmid transmitted resistance
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tetracyclins (class) name drugs
- chlortetracycline
- oxytetracyline
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macrolides & lincosamides (classes) overview
- disrupt completion of peptide chains
- should not give with chloramphenicol (same binding site)
- distributes well, doesn't X bbb, excretion is renal
- static/cidal is dose dependent
- mostly effective against G+ve
- GI upset and vomiting (rare)
- plasmid carried resistance
- !inhibs cytochrome p450 which warfarin needs to work!
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macrolides & lincosamides (classes) name drugs
- erythromycin- acid unstable but may be administered in coated tablets
- spiramycin
- clindamycin
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chloramphenicol (class) overview
- bacteriostatic
- distribution gd, x bbb
- inactivated in the liver by glucuronidation
- may accumulate in cats to irreversibly suppress bone marrow
- bacterial resistance through chloramphenicol acetyl transferase
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chloramphenicol (class) name drugs
- chloramfenicol
- florfenicol
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sulphonamides & trimethoprim (classes) overview
- target folate synthesis to stop nucleic acid synthesis
- gd tissue penetration, eliminated by kidney
- static/cidal dose dependent
- gd spectrum of activity
- resistance widespread
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sulphonamides & trimethoprim (classes) name drugs
anything beginning sulfa- or sulpha-
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quinolones (class) overview
- given orally, eliminated by kidney and liver
- inhibits DNA gyrase which usually packages DNA into cell
- bactericidal, v effective
- resistance is slow to develope
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quinolones (class) name drugs
nalidixic acid and difloxacin
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