-
sulfonamide BUG
- GRAM -
- ECOLI
- proteus
- staph (CA MRSA)
- H FLU MCAT
- chlamydia trachomatis
- toxoplasma gondii
- nocardia
-
sulfonamide use
- uncomplicated UTI
- toxoplasmosis
- gm - infections
- conjunctivitis
- CA MRSA
- chlamydia trachomatis
-
trimethoprim uses
- uncomplicated UTI
- propylaxi s of recurrent UTI
- H FLU MCAT
- otitis media--DOC MCAT
- tx and prevention of pneumocysitis jirovecii--pneumonia in immunocompromised cd4<200
-
NITROFURANTOIN bugs
- both gm+ and gm - bacteria
- resistant--pseudomonas, serratia, acinteobacter, proteeus
-
nitrofurantoin uses
uncomplicated UTI caused by both gm + and gm - bacteria
-
methenamine
prophylaxis of UTIs NOT TREATMENT
-
fosfomycin bugs
- strep pneumo
- enterococcus
- MSSA
- coagulase negative staph
- e coli
- enterobacter claoacae
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
-
fosfomycin use
- orange packets
- acute, uncomplicated cystitis
-
QUINOLONES bugs
- BROAD SPEC GM -, and most aerobes esp enterobateriaciae (CA ECOLI)
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- strep pneumoniae
- h flu, mcat
- a typical pnemonia chlamydophila mycoplasma
- staph
-
fluorquinolones uses
- UTIs
- prostatis
- resp infections
- osteomyelitis
- CAP (levo and moxi)
- mycobacterium TB (oflux, moxi), MAC(moxi)bacterial conjunctivitis and corneal uler
- skin and skin structure infection
-
aminoglycoside bug
- broad spectrum including aerobic and facultive gm - bacilli and staph aureus esp for enterobacteriaciae
- pseudomonas aeruginosa,
- ecoli
- enterobacter
- klebsiella
- proteus mirabilis
- indole + proteus
- mornagella morganii,
- providencia regterri
- RESISTANCE--strep, burkholderia, cepacia, steno
-
aminoglycoside uses
- serious gm - infections
- HAP--e coli, klebsiella and pseudomonas
- enterococcal endocarditis (combined vanco)
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- staph infections--second line if b lactams co
- neisseria gonorrheae--single 2gim dose
-
tetracyclines bugs
- GM + cocci
- staph strep
- GM - aeroboes
- e coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, neisseria gonorrheae, n meningitiidis h flu
- RICKETTSIA CHLAMYDIAE MYCOPLASMA--DOC x 7 d chl vs. 1 day zith
- anaerobic bacteriea fusobacterium bacteroides
- Borrelia burgdorferi--lymes disease
-
tetracycline spec
- chlamydia trachomatis--doxy x 7 d vs zith x 1 d
- PID--vibratab + cefoxitin or cefotetan
- lyme disease
- rickettsial dz
- helicobacter pylori
- moderate to severe acne
- rosacea--inflam lesions not redness
- peridonitis 20mg doxy bid
-
chloramphenicol
- gm + and gm - bugs
- h flu, strep pneumo and n meningitidis
- NOT DRUG OF CHOICE DUE TO TOXICITY
-
vancomycin BUGS
- GM + ONLY
- staph aureus, staph epidermidids, synergistic with gent
- strep pyogenes, strep pneumo and gp B strep
- enterococcus--faecium is resistant
- anaerobic infections--clostriidium perfringens, c diff
- listeriea monocytoenes, bacillus anthracis, corneybacteria ngonorrheae
-
vanco uses
- MRSA and s epidermidis
- highly penicillin resistant strep pneumo
- serios infections
- altert to penicillin in tx of endocarditis due to strep
- clostridium difficile pseudomemraneous colitis PO, DOC severe cases (metronidazole for mild to mod cases)
-
telavancin bugs
- GM+ and anaerobic bacteria ONLY
- stap 00aureus, MSSA MRSA GISA/VISA coag -staph
- strep
- enterococci--e faecalis, e faecium vRE
- gm + anaerobes/bacilli, basillus anthrax, listeria, actinomyces, clostrdium
-
telavancin uses
- compliated skin and skin structure infections--gm +
- MRSA alt to vanco
-
oxazolidinones (linezolid)
- GM + inhibited
- penicillin resistant strep pneumo, MRSA MRSE and VRE
-
daptomycin
- staph aureus, staph epidermidis MRSA MRSE
- strep
- enterococcus VRE
- GM + organisms resistant to std antibiotics, NOT FOR PNEUMONIAE BINDS TO LUNG SURFACTANT
-
quinupristin/dalfopristin
- gm + enterococcus faecium,
- MRSA MRSE
- listeria monocytogenes
- some gm -
- anaerobes
- VRE, VISA MRSA MRSE PRSP with allergy to vanco
- NOT fiRST LINE AGENT used to tx severe infections caused by MDR GM + pathogens
-
bacitracin and polymyxins
- GM +=bacitracin, clostridium difficile
- minor skin and eye infections, c diff pseudomembraneous colitis po 3rd line, staph 3rd line
- gm -=polymxin and colistin, good except proteus
- topical gm - ie pseudomonas aeruginosa
-
mupirocin and retapamulin
- good gm + all staph and strep
- topical treatment of impetigo
-
clindamycin
- gm + ABOVE WAIST
- strep, staph
- anaerobes, ,bacteroides fragilis and other bacteroides, eubacterium, veillonella, fardnerella vaginals
- parsites toxoplasma gondii, pneumocystis carinii
- gm + with penicillin allergyanaerobic infection due to bacteroides fragilis
- acne vulgaris
- topical vaginal tx gardnerella vaginals
- PID
- NUMBER 1 cause of PSEUDOMEMBRANEOUS COLITIS DUE TO C DIFF
-
metronidazole
- gm +ANAEROBIC below waist
- bacteroides
- protozoa trichomonas vaginalis, giardia lamblia helicobacter pylori
- c diff pseudomembraneous colitis mild to moderate (PO VANCO FOR SEVERE)
- GIARDIASIS doc
- bacterial vaginosis
- chrohns dz
- hepatic encephalopathy
- trichomoniases
-
amphotericin B
- borad spec anti fungal pathogens
- cryptococcus neoformans
- histoplasma capsulatum
- blastomyces
- not1line:
- candida albicans, c glabrata, c krusei
- aspergillus
- coccidiodes immitus
-
flucytosine
- synergistic in combo with amphotericin B
- candida albicans UTIs
- cyrptococcal meningitis
- chromblastomycosis
- aspergillus
- chromomyosis, torulpsis glabrata
-
imidazoles and triazoles (azole antifungals)
- keto--not used much broad spec,
- fluconazole--renally cleared, thrush, candida albicans, cyrptococcus, prevent relapse of cryptococcal meningitis in aids to prevent candidal infections
- itraconazole--broad spec triazle, aspergillus, blastomycosis doc sporotrix schenkii
- voriconazole--diflucan resistant candida krusi and glabrata, aspergillus GOLD STANDARD
- posaconazole--PO prophylaxis of aspergillosis
-
echinocandins
- caspofungin a fumigatus, flavus and terreus
- candida albicans glabrata krusei
- invasive apsergillosis
-
terbinafine and naftifine
po tx of onchomycosis of toenail or finernail
-
griseofulvin
- dermatophytic infectionstinea
- DOC tinea barbae and tinea capitis
- fungal infections of nail--onchomycosis
-
polyenes nystatin
- topical infetions due to candida albicans
- thrush
- intestinal candidiasis
- vaginal candidasis
-
imidazole antifungals topical
- dermal injfections due to trichophyton rubrum, t mentagrophytes and epidermophyton floccosum
- athletes foot, jock itch, ringworm (tinea pedis, cruris, corporis)
- vaginal candidiasis
- cutaneous andidiasis
- seborrheic dermatitis --ketoconazole
-
isoniazid
tuberculosis--inhibits synthsis of mycolic acid , inhibit growth
-
rifamycin
- rifampin, rifabtuin, rifamixin
- TB leprosy, alt staph + ag for mrsa
-
ethambutol
mycobacteria, alt to inh or rifampin, inhibit transfer of mycolic acids into cell wall,
-
pyrazinamide
mycobacteria prodrug, first 3 months need highly active acidic and anaerobic environment
-
dapsone
- leprosy, alt pneumocysist carinii pneumonia in aids
- prophylaxis of malaria
-
ascariasis
round worms mebendazole 3 days
-
enterobiasis
- pin worm
- mebendazole single dose repeat 3 weeks
-
-
t solium ,neurocysticercosis pork tape worm
albendazole
-
pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia pcp
- trimethoprim/sulfa or atovaquone
- prophlaxis = tmp/smx
-
toxoplasma gondii
pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine
-
cyrptosporidium parvum chronic diarrhea
nitozoxanide metabolite active
-
giardia
nitozoxanide or metronidazole
-
trichomonas vaginalis
- nitozoxanide
- metronidazole
- vag gel
-
malaria
- PROPHYLAXIS chloroquine sensitive countries--chloroquine
- resistant areas--mefloquine or atovaguone +proguanil (malarone)
- mefloquine resistant areas--vibratab or malarone
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