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Piaget's stages of cognitive development:
- Sensorimotor
- preoperational
- concrete operational
- Formal operational
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Sensorimotor:
- From birth to 2 years
- (substages)
- 1. Simple Reflexes
- 2. First habits and primary circular reactions
- 3. Secondary Circular reactions
- 4. Coordination of secondary circular reactions
- 5. Tertiary Circular reactions
- 6. Beginning of thought
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Simple Reflexes:
- (First month of a newborn's life)
- The physical and cognitive life of the baby is its inborn reflexes, these reflexes help the baby interact with the world.
- Sucking reflexes: allows baby to suck anything near lips.
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First habits and Primary circular reactions
- (1-4 months)
- the baby coordinates 2 separate actions into a single activity (while holding an object start sucking on it)
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Secondary Circular Reactions
- (4-8 months)
- The baby starts to act and react to outside world (picks up a rattle and shakes it to hear the sound it makes)
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Coordination of secondary Circular reactions
- (8moths-1 year)
- The baby has goal-directed behavior), combines activities to solve a problem (The mother takes his rattle, he looks for it)
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Tertiary Cicular Reactions
- (1 year-18months)
- The baby makes small experiments to observe results (drops the toy to see hoe it falls and continues to see what happens next).
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Beginning of thought
- (18month-2years)
- forms mental and symbolic thought. the baby starts to remember past events and objects (if ball rolls under bed, he predict it will emerge on the other side).
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Properational stage STAGE
- (2-7)
- begins when child begins to talk
- learns to substitute objects with symbols
- The child can think about events not happening in the present
- Think outside their world and play "pretend"
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Concrete operation STAGE
- (7-12)
- child begins to think abstractly and to make rational judgments. Can ask and answer questions which allows to mentally manipulate information.
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Formal Operational STAGE
- (12-+)
- Final stage. Does no longer need concrete objects to make rational decisions. Is able to consider many possibilities from all kinds of perspectives.
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