Day 2-Psyc 432

• 1) Semanticity
• 2) Arbitrariness
• 3) Discreteness
• 4) Duality of patterning
• 5) Displacement
• 6) Productivity

Some animals have arbitrariness and discreteness. Some animals have semanticity, but most do not. Most animals do not have displacement or productivity and animals do not have duality of patterning.

A chimp trained in ASL by Terrace et al in 1980. He used repetitive word utterances and random word order. He imitated signs, instead of producing language. This is also true for other animals tested.

Signals mean something. It relates to something of the world.

There is no resemblance between a symbol and its meaning; makes referentiality possible.

Discrete symbols combine to change meaning.

meaningful symbols made up of nonmeaningful units

Messages need not be tied to the immediate context.

the ability to say things never heard before.

Prescriptive are the rules that we are supposed to follow. Descriptive rules are the ones we care about.

• -Everyone does it, despite culture, language, education, or intelligence.
• -All humans have it. No non-humans don't have it.
• -Linguistic knowledge is learned by induction, not taught explicitly.
• -All languages and dialects are complex.
• -It is defined by what takes place in the mind, not the mouth

• 1. Computational- What problems do we need to solve? What representations are the input and output?
• 2. Representational- What algorithms or step-by-step procedures do we use.
• 3. Implementational- How can the processes be performed physically?