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Which of the following statements concerning phonological processes is not true?
children with different language backgrounds begin with different sets of phonological processes
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If a child says [wash] for watch, this is an example of which phonological process?
deaffrication
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which one of the trasncriptions would indicate "bird" without the r-coloring on the vowel?
[b3d]
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In the transcription [kaetl] (the l has a line under it for a vowel absorption) what does the diacritic under [l] indicate?
That the [l] is the syllable nucleus of the second syllable
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Which one of the following transcriptions indicates excessive aspriation?
[khip]
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Which one of the following would indicate a nasalized [s]?
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If you were testing [s] in the medial position, which one of the following words would have the same syllable and stress structure as "cassette"?
receipt
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the phonetic level is related to the surface level form while the phonemic level is related to
the underlying function
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distinctive features are
"atomic" constituents of sound segments which cannot be broken down any further
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the binary system of distinctive features refers to
a system to signal the presence or absence of certain features
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distinctive features can be used clinically to demonstrate
allophonic variations
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which of the following phonological processes would indicate the [sk]-->[t] in "skate" [skeit] to [teit]?
all of the above (fronting, cluster reduction, cluster substitution)
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A very young child says [gag] for dog. This is which type of assimilation process?
regressive phonemic assimilation
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the smallest linguistic unit which is able, when combined with other such units to establish word meanings is referred to as the
phoneme
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which one of the following is not included in the definition of phonological disorder?
disturbances in the relatively peripheral motor processes that result in speech
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according to stampe, phonological processes are
universal and innate
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the allowed combinations of phonemes in a particular language refers to the
phonotactic constraints
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the definition of phonology includes
the description of the system and patterns of phonemes within a language
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if a child says [baeftub] for "bathtub" this is an example of which phonological process?
labialization
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which one of the following is not a syllable structure process?
consonant cluster substitution
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if a child says [guk] for "duck" which type of assimilation process has occurred?
velar assimilation
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a consonant that functions as a syllable nucleus is referred to as a
syllabic
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if you were studying the production of [s] varies in american english verses spanish, you would be in which branch of phonetics?
articulatory phonetics
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if you were studying how foreign students perceive various speech sounds of american english you would be in which branch of phonetics?
auditory phonetics
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which one of the subdivisions of phonetics would examine the frequency, intensity, and duration of speech sounds?
acoustic phonetics
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the subcategory of phonetics dealing with the motor processes with result in speech is
articulatory phonetics
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which of the following is not a parameter used to describe vowel productions
the manner of articulation
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vowels which are labeled front vowels are
are produced by articulatory adjustments made by more anterior portions of the tongue
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which of the following dipthongs has a back vowel offglide?
[au]
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the end products of articulatory motor processes that represent physical sound realities are called
all the above
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the repetoire of phonemes which are used contrastively by and individual is the
phonemic inventory
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the clusters [sk] and [ks] cannot occur in the same word position in general american english. this is an example of the
phonotactics of language
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dipthongs which are produced with a central vowels as the offglide are referred to as
centering dipthongs
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minimal pairs are exemplified by which of the following set of words?
all of the above
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if the word "unpredictabl" is pronounced as [em...] this is an example of a
regressive assimilation
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if the phrase "want to" pronounced [wanna] this is an example of
contact assimilation
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why should clinicians use phonetic transcription
all of the above
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diacritics are
marks added to sound transcription symbols to give them a particular phonetic value
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which of the following would indicate a dentalized [s]
but flip it
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the posterior movement of the tongue placement in the direction of the velum of palatal sounds is referred to as
velarization
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if the transcription is [kup] this indicates that (sideways L)
the [p] sound is unreleased
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if "cool" is transcribed [ku:l] this indicates that
the [u] sound was produced clearly longer than normal in duration
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which of the following phonetic symbols indicates a closed glottis is suddenly released after a build up of subglottal air pressure
?
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three areas of study within phonetics are acoustic phonetics, articulatory phonetics, and auditory phonetics
t
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if two languages have the same phonemic inventory, they will be identical lnaguages
f
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articulation erros are phonetic in nature
t
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only vowels can function as syllable nuclei
f
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distinctive features can be used to analyze sound deletions and distorations
f
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typically in the standard pronunciation of general american english, rising diphthongs are produced
t
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if a phonological process can be identified in the speech of a child, then the child has a phonological impairment
f
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a syllable must have a peak and either an onset or a coda
f
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the diacritic marker for a dentalized production should be used with interdental sounds such as the [theta] and [vocied theta]
f
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changes in tongue placement for vowels do not alter the vowel quality
f
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normal aspiration is typically marked in utterances
f
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