EHS

• Staphlococcus aureus
• Bacteria
• Skin to skin
• Towels
• Razors
• Equipment
• Uniforms
• Keyboards

• Became a law in December 2007
• Official name is HR6-303 to 309 Title XVI Pool and Spa Safety
• Protection from Entrapment
• Requires for suction outlets and drain covers

• E. Coli << 1 Minute
• Hepatitis A ~ 16 minutes
• Giardia ~ 45 minutes
• Crypto 15,300 minutes
• CT Value = CxT
• C=concentration of free cholorine
• T=time in minutes
• 1ppm (1mg/L cholrine, pH 7.5)
• 25 degrees C or 77 degrees F

• one celled organism
• both male and female
• found in soil and water enviornments
• some have the ability to form a cyst
• natural protection from extreme temperatures and chemicals
• can live outside a host

• microscopic
• single celled organisms
• can live above the boiling point and in cold that would freeze your blood
• have existed for many many years

Recreational water illness

• Cryptosporidium parvum - protozoan
• Norovirus - group of viruses
• Shigella - bacteria
• E. coli 0157:H7 - bacteria
• Giardia lamblia - protozoan

• overuse of antibiotics
• antibiotics in food and water
• germ mutation
• contact sports
• health care workers
• Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
• Presence in hospitals & long term care facilities
• Start as little red bumps
• Abcesses
• May burrow deep into the body

• flesh eating bacteria
• Pneumonia
• Bone/joint/blood infections
• notifiable in some states, not KY
• CA MRSA -community acquired methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

• keep your hand clean
• keep cuts, bruises and scrapes covered
• avoid contact with other wounds, and bandages
• dont share personalized items like razors or towels

• Nocurnal insects
• Cimex lectularius
• Live on blood from humans or other warm blooded hosts
• brown/reddish on color
• can go without feeding for 1 year

• Adult bedbugs are 1/4 inch long
• oval, flattened bodies
• easily mistaken for ticks, fleas, and cockroaches

• skin welts, rash, irritation caused by bites
• infestations can cause stree, anxiety, and embarrassment
• although the can harbor pathogens, there is little evidence to support disease transmission

• folliculitis
• barbers itch
• infection may spread or return
• aviod contaminated clothing and towels
• avoid friction from clothing
• keep utensils and area clean
• avoid shaving
• avoid pericures right after shaving

• Onychomycosis
• Fungal nail infections
• avoid unclean utensils and pedicure tubs at nail salons
• avoid false nails if possible
• wash hands throughly
• soak nails in vinegar or tea tree oil
• seek medical care

premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience

• Premeditated
• Planned in advance
• Political - not criminal
• Aimed at civilians
• carried out by subnational groups

• evidence at a crime scene must be secured by the authorities
• paranoia
• heightened security

• federal buildings
• military bases
• heavily populated areas
• borders or passageways

• nuclear
• biological
• chemical

• Rockets
• Explosive components
• Rocket Propellant
• Point Detonating Fuse
• Igniter
• Bursters
• Nerve agents (10lbs)

• Neurotoxins - nerve agents
• chemical asphyziants - blood agents
• repiratory agents - choking agents
• skin and eye irritants - blister agents, vesicants

• Igloos
• 49 total
• 45 w/ chemical weapons
• 523 tons

the intentional release of viruses, bateria, or their toxins for the purpose of harming or killing civilians, according to the U.S. CDC

• Plague
• Used in pneumonic phase
• spreads quickly from person to person
• airborne droplets

• Anthrax - Bacillus anthracis ~ inhalation
• Cholera - Vibro Cholerae ~ ingestion
• Bubonic Plague - Yersinia pestis ~ aerosol
• Tularemia - Francisella tularensis ~ inhalation

• easily disseminated/transmitted from person~person
• result in high mortality rates
• potential for major public health impact
• require special action for public health preparedness
• Anthrex
• Botulism
• Plague
• Smallpox
• Tularemia
• Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

• Moderately esay to disseminate
• Moderate morbidity rates and low mortality rates
• Require specific enhancements of CDC diagnostic capacity and dnhanced disease surveillance
• Q Fever
• Ricinus Communis(castor beans)
• Food safety threats(salmonella, E. Coli)

• Emerging Pathogens
• Availability
• Ease of production and dissemination
• Potential for major high morbidity and mortality rates
• potential for major health impact
• Hantavirus

• watershed
• raq,untreated reservoir where whater gathers
• delivery to treatment facility
• purification
• transmission from treatment to storage
• distribution to consumption

• coagulation
• sedimentation
• filtration
• disinfection
• storage
• distribution

• Biological
• Chemical
• Physical

• caused by the ingestion of contamintaed food
• often referred to as food borne disease or illness

• living thins that cause disease such as viruses bacteria, fungi, and protozoa
• salmonella is a pathogenic bacteria
• pathogenic bacteria is most common

• substances that cause disease because their ability to produce chemical reactions within the body
• Pesticides and heavy metals are chemical agents

• damaging body cells
• (radiation in high doses can be a physical agent)

• Pest Management
• Food Inspections
• Food Safety

9

more than 250

• Pathogenic bacteria
• Viruses
• Parasites
• Natural Toxins
• Prions

• Bacteria:
• Campylobacter
• Escherichia coli O157 & non-O157
• Listeria monocytogenes
• Salmonella
• Shigella
• Vibrio
• Yersiniaenterocolitica
• Parasites:
• Cryptosporidium
• Cyclospora

• Salmonellosis
• Symptoms within 12-72 hours
• Diarrhea, fever, cramps
• Symptoms last for 4-7 days
• Many different serotypes
• Salmonella Typhimurium & Salmonella Enteritidis are most common

• Escherichia coli (E. Coli)
• 0157:H7
• 3-4 days beforesymptoms occur
• Found in the large intestine
• Gram-negative bacteria
• Cattle can have it and look healthy
• Transmission is by oral- fecal route
• Diarrhea, cramps, vomiting
• Most recover in 5- 10 days

• HUS (hemolytic uremic syndrome)
• Hemorrhagic diarrhea
• Destroys red blood cells
• Kidneys fail50% mortality rate in children < 5 yrs

• Cook all meet througholy
• Do not drink unpasturized milk and juices
• Wash hands
• choose resurantes carefully

• Campylobacter jejuni
• Gram-negativebacteria
• Most commonly identified food-borne infection internationally
• Found mostly in poultry who are asymptomatic
• Also in cattle and sheep

• Classic Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakobdisease (cCJD)
• Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakobdisease (vCJD)
• Acquired form
• Prions
• No real cure
• Treatments vary
• Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE or 'mad cow' disease)

• Recognized since 1996
• First seen in the United Kingdom
• Caused by a modified form of prion protein
• Median age of death = 28 years
• Average duration = 14 months
• Related to 1993 epidemic of BSE

• Acidity (4.0-9.0pH)
• Time - bacteria double about every 15 minutes
• Temperature - 41-140 degrees F
• Oxygen
• Moisture

• Somach Acids - 1
• Lemon Juice - 2
• Vinegar - 3

7

• Tums - 10
• Ammonia - 11
• Drano - 13

• soda - 4
• Rainwater - 5
• Milk - 6
• Water - 7
• Egg Whites - 8
• Baking Soda - 9

• Giardia lamblia
• Protozoan
• Travelers’ diarrhea
• Beaver Fever
• Parasitic cysts in stools
• Routes of infection (fecal oral, person to person)

• Cryptosporidium parvum
• Parasitic
• Highly resistant to disinfection
• Lakes, streams, rivers
• Diarrhea, nausea, and/or stomach cramp
• Notifiable
• U.S. cases > 3,000 in 2002
• KY cases very small

• Steaks and Roasts - 145 F
• Fish - 145 F
• Pork - 160 F
• Ground Beef - 160 F
• Egg Dishes - 160 F
• Chicken Breasts - 165 F
• Whole Poultry - 165F