deferral of treatment may legally be done when a pt has what two things?
active TB
OR
Herpetic lesion
__________ _________ is shed with exfoliated surface cells or with skin gland secretions
resident bacteria
what are routes of tuberculosis? (3)
inhalation
inoculation
mucous membranes
what are 3 approved disinfectants?
iodophors
sodium hypochlorite
complex phenols
glutaraldehydes should/should not be used as a surface disinfectant? which one?
should NOT!
one of the key rule concerns of oral health education is _____ HIPPA
NOT
in a dry heat sterilizer, timing does/does not begin with the sterilizer is turned on
does NOT!
handwashing and disinfecting may break the chain of disease transmission by __________ an infectious agent
inactivating
herpes virus remains ________ in the nerves and is triggered by _________, dental _________, and ________.
latent
stress
trauma
sunlight
T/F herpes 1 can be on the lips, genitals, fingers, and eyes.
True! (geni touched her finger, lip and eye, ew!)
what is the size of a TB particle?
0.5-1um
if someone has hypertension, put them in _______ position
supine
shoulders are ________ for a clinician to be in neutral position
parallel
type ____ hypersensitivity is a delayed reaction where contact dermatitis develops in 6-72 hours after latex exposure
IV
T/F cross contamination can happen person to person
True!
the time an infectious agent can be transferred directly, indirectly or person to person is called:
communicable period
where do invading organisms live and multiply?
reservior
burning, slight stinging sensations that occur before herpes virus is called:
prodrome
when a patient is gasping or wheezing, they are experiencing:
an asthma attack!
malignancy may be present but the sample is examined in the smear or biopsy may have included cancerous cells is a ________ _______
false negative!
class IV means to ______ for biopsy
refer
the JE keeps the ________ out!
infection
hemorrhage spot pinhead to pinpoint size is called:
petichia (my pet chia is a little pinhead)
red area of variable size and shape reaction to irritation, radiation, or injury is called
erythema
growing outward is called:
exophytic
hardened is called:
indurated
resembling a small, nipple-shaped projection or elevation is called:
papillary (check out my pill shaped nipple)
a tumor is ___CM or greater in width
2 cm
a general swelling or enlargement and does not refer to neoplasm, either benign or malignant is a:
tumor. as arnold would say....it's a TUMA
large, more than 1 cm, filled with fluid (mucin or serum) but may contain blood. the color depends on the fluid content, what is it?
Bulla
this may be more or less than 5mm in diameter, it contains pus and the pus gives it a yellowish color
pustule (cool kids ride on the short 5mm pus bus)
a small pinhead to 5mm, solid lesion that may be pointed, rounded, or flat-topped, what am i?
i am a papule! (a cervix can be pointed, rounded, or flat topped, from the view of performing a pap)
small, 1 cm or less, white, contains mucin or serum, what am i?
a white VESICLE that is small, 1 cm or less and contains mucin or serum. yummy yummy!
what is the objective of an oral cancer screening?
to be a hero! to detect cancer of the mouth at earliest stage possible
which professionals are the #1 line of defense in oral cancers?
dental professionals
where is the most common place for neoplasms?
floor or the mouth
lateral borders of the tongue
lower lip
soft palate
T/F neoplasms arise at any site in the oral cavity
you better believe it!
rough, wartlike is called:
verrucous (verrucou salts her wart, like in the movie willy wonka)
T/F a swelling, lump, growth anywhere without pain is usually not a sign of oral cancer
false i say! IT IS!
what has a base as wide as the lesion itself?
sessile
what lesion is attached by a narrow stalk?
predunculated
a loose membranous layer of exudate containing organisms, precipitated fibrin, necrotic cells, and inflammatory cells produced during an inflammatory reaction on the surface of a tissue is called:
pseudomembrane
treatment of early disease is _________ prevention
secondary (second best!)
who is the father of dental hygiene?
alfred c fones
what are the 5 steps of the dental hygiene processes of care?
assessments
diagnosis
planning
implementation
evaluation
T/F assessments include objective and subjective data collection
TRUE MATEY!
what is the expected outcome of treatment called?
prognosis
endodontists, public health and prosthodontists are examples of ________ ________ (according to mendenhall...)
dental specialties (public health, whateva, just put it!)
a macule is/is not elevated, which one?
a macule is NOT elevated (like a freckle!)
an intraoral and extraoral exam detects cancer at ___ ____
any age
any growth or mass protruding from a mucous membrane is called:
polyp
a bony elevation or prominence usually located on the midline of the hard palate and the lingual surface of the mandible in the premolar area is termed:
torus
a problem that involves 2 morally correct choices or courses of action is an _______ ________
ethical dilemma
the act of self-determination by persons with the ability to make a choice or decision. This exists for both the patient and the dental hygienist. what is it called?
autonomy
the skills, understanding and professional values of an individual ready for beginning dental hygiene practice is called:
competency
if it is truly prevented, it is called _______ prevention
primary
the treatment or early disease to prevent further progress of potentially irreversible conditions that if not arrested can lead to extensive rehabilitative treatment or even loss of teeth. this is called:
secondary prevention
_______ is oxygen deficiency; a reduction of oxygen in the tissues can lead to deep respirations, cyanosis, increased pulse rate, and impairment of coordination
anoxia
___________ is an unusually slow heartbeat evidenced by slowing of the pulse rate
bradycardia<50bpm
listening for sounds produced within the body; may be performed directly or with a stethoscope. this is called:
auscultation
__________ is systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHG or greater and diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHG or greater
hypertension
__________sounds are heard during the determination of blood pressure; sounds originating within the blood passing through the vessel or produced by vibratory motion of the arterial wall
KOROTKOFF (in the systolic phase)
the use of finger and thumb of the same hand is called:
bidigital
the use of single finger is called:
digital
the use of fingers and thumb from each hand applied simultaneously in coordination is called:
bimanual (both hands have to coordinate to drive a manual)
two hands used at the same time to examine corresponding structures on opposite sides of the body is called:
bilateral
science that deals with form and structure is called:
morphology
motor disturbance of the trigeminal nerve, esp spasm of the masticatory muscles with difficulty in opening the mouth
trismus (all i want for trismus is my two front teeth)
the constant presence of disease or infectious agent within a geographic area. this is called:
endemic
an _______ can be solid or liquid form
AEROSOL
widespread epidemic usually affecting the population of an extensive region, several countries, or sometimes the entire globe
pandemic (panda express is around the entire globe, countries, affecting the population)
________ is a widespread occurrence of cases of an illness in a community or region; greater than the expected number of cases for the particular population
EPIDEMIC (the bar had a greater than expected number for the particular population and had to ID them all)
_________ is an injection by route other than the alimentary tract, such as subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous
parenteral
any new and abnormal growth, specifically one in which cell multiplication is controlled and progressive; may be benign or malignant. what is it?