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SKELETAL SYSTEM IS COMPOSED OF?
ORGANS CALLED BONES
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THE TWO SECTIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM ARE:
AXIAL: SPINAL COLUMN, SKULL AND RIB CAGE
APPENDICULAR: ARMS, HANDS, LEGS, FEET, SHOULDER AND PELVIS
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WHAT IS THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM:
TO SUPPORT BODY
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THE MAIN MINERALS IN THE SKELETAL SYSTEM ARE:
CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS, AND MAGNESIUM
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ARTICULATING
CONNECTING (JOINTS)
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PERIOSTEUM
A TOUGH MEMBRANE THAT COVERS THE SURFACE OF THE BONE
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HOW MANY BONES DOES A BABY HAVE AT BIRTH?
270
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AS AN ADULT WE HAVE HOW MANY BONES?
206
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THE SMALLEST BONES IN THE BODY ARE?
IN THE EARS, MALLEUS, INCUS AND STAPES
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SIX FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM?
- 1. SUPPORT BODY
- 2. PROTECT VITAL ORGANS
- 3. POINTS OF ATTACHMENT FOR SKELETAL MUSCLES
- 4. GIVE SHAPE TO THE BODY
- 5. VITAL - PROVIDES FORMATION OF WHITE AND RED BLOOD CELLS AND THE PLATELETS
- 6. BONES STORE MOST OF THE BODIES CALCIUM
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WHAT IS CALCIUM IMPORTANT FOR?
FOR THE HEART TO BEAT AND FOR THE MUSCLES TO CONTRACT AND BLOOD TO CLOT.
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CERVICAL
NECK (IN VERTEBRAE)
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THORATIC
CHEST (IN VERTABRAE)
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SACRAL
POSTERIOR PELVIC GIRLDE (VERTEBRAE)
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THE SKULL IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PORTIONS:
CRANIAL AND FACIAL PORTIONS
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THE CRANIUM IS MADE UP OF?
IT IS THE FUSION OF 8 CRANIAL BONES
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FRONTAL
FOREHEAD AND UPPER EYE SOCKETS (CRANIAL BONE)
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CLAVICLE
COLLAR BONE (PART OF THE THORATIC AREA)
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SCAPULA
SHOULDER BLADE (POSTERIORLY) PART OF THE THORACTIC AREA
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XIPHOID PROCESS
INFERIOR PORTION OF THE STERNUM
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FEMUR
THIGH BONE, LONGEST BONE IN THE BODY
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CARPALS
THE 8 BONES IN THE WRIST
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TARSALS
7 BONES IN THE ANKLE
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METACARPALS
PALM OF HAND HAS 5
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METATARSALS
5 BONES IN THE INSTEP OF THE FOOT
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PHALANGES
FINGERS AND TOES
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LIGAMENTS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT HOLDS LONG BONES TOGETHER
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DIARTHROSIS AND SYNOVIAL
MOVEABLE JOINTS
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SYNOVIAL FLUID
LUBRICATES THE JOINTS TO AVOID FRICTION.
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GREENSTICK FRACTURE
CRACKED BONE, BUT NOT BROKE
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SIMPLE FRACTURE
A BREAK BUT DOES NOT INVOLVE SKIN
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COMPOUND FRACTURE
BREAK AND THROUGH SKIN, POSSIBLE INFECTION
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IMPACTED FRACTURE
THE BROKEN ENDS OF THE BONE ARE JAMMED INTO EACHOTHER
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COMMINUTED FRACTURE
MORE THAN ONE FRACTURE LINE WITH SEVERAL BONE FRAGMENTS.
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DEPRESSED FRACTURE
MAY OCCUR WITH SEVERE HEAD INJURIES IN WHICH A BROKEN PIECE OF SKULL IS DRIVEN INWARD
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WHEN TREATING FRACTURES
- IMMOBOLIZE
- PREVENT SHOCK
- ELEVATE
- ICE
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TRACTION
- THE ACT OF PULLING THE MUSCLES AND BONE BACK INTO ALIGNMENT PRIOR TO SETTING IT
- *THIS IS KNOWN AS REDUCING THE FRACTURE.
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ARTHROSCOPY
VISUAL INSPECTION
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COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
CT SCAN, SPECIAL X-RAY (THE XRAY MOVES AROUND THE PATIENT)
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