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# What material (books or parts of books) is included in the OT wisdom literature?
Proverbs, Ecclesiates, Job, certain psalms, song of songs
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# According to Curtis the Law & Prophets are vertical revelation while the Wisdom Literature is *********** revelation.
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* Know the basic story &the major characters
* (Job, Eliphaz, Bildad, Zophar, &Elihu)
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# What is the only OT book whose setting &characters are non-Isaraelite?
Job
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# What is meant by the doctrine of retribution?
reap what you sow. sin is punished & righteousness rewarded
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# Be aware of at least four reasons for suffering recognized in the book of Job.
1)ppl suffer for their sins 2)ppl suffer cuz other's sin 3) means of refining character 4)to further God's purpose
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# What is the “solution” that brings resolution to Job?
understanding why we suffer is not the key. the fear of the LORD is wisdom, Yahweh is good&just when circumstances seem to prove the opposite
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# What is meant by the question of “disinterested piety”?
Does Job fear God for nothing? -- Suffering happened in order to show Satan that disinterested piety does exist; that there are people who will serve God because of who He is rather than for what they get in return for serving God.
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# This participant in the book of Job enters the debate late &promises far more than he is able to deliver.
Elihu
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# What does Job 1:9 suggest about the purpose of the Book of Job?
Disinterested piety exists!
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# What conclusion did your professor reach about the significance of the interrupted third cycle of speeches in the debate between Job &his friends?
the friends have been silenced, they say no more b/c they have nothing more to say
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# What contribution does Job 28:28 make to the question of how to respond to suffering?
"Behold, the fear of the LORD that is wisdom, &to turn away from evil is understanding
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# The desire for a mediator & the idea that perhaps a person might be vindicated after death are suggested in this book though without really contributing to a solution to the problem raised by the events presented in the book.
Job
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# Since much of what Job’s friends said was true what was their basic mistake in their attempts to comfort Job?
Unwise application of doctrine:their mistake lay in their incorrect application of doctrine to Job.They then made bad matters worse by insisting that Job's situation could not be an exception
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# How does Job begin his discussion to his friends in Job 3? How do you think this influenced the direction of the debate that follows?
-you misunderstood the meaning of my cries -you didn't give me kindness
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# What is the basic characteristic of Hebrew poetry?
Parallelism (idea in one line, then repeats or further develops the idea in the second line); types are synonymous, antithetic, and synthetic
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# What three purposes for the book of Psalms are suggested by the various titles given to the book?
praises, songs (psalms), prayers
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# A _________________ is a cry to God for deliverance in a time of distress
Laments
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# ________________ psalms call for God to bring judgment on the psalmist’s/God/s enemies.
Imprecatory psalms
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# ________________ psalms focus on the confession of sin.
Penitential psalms
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# Know the basic definition of the other types of psalms as mentioned in the course pack &the suggestion made there as to how they might have been used.
Thanksgiving hymn (used with thanksgiving offerings as a response to God when a prayer was answered), salvation history psalms (review history of Israel in order to show how obedience insures blessing while disobedience brings judgment-- used in settings where there was a need to call the people to renew their vows to obey God's covenant), Hymns of praise, wisdom psalms (didactic purpose-- teaching)
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# This psalm was written by David in the aftermath of his being confronted by Nathan because of David’s sin with Bathsheba &Uriah.
Psalm 51
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# Know the five messianic themes from Psalms identified by Kirkpatrick.
1. the Royal Messiah: the messianic king would fulfill God's promise to David and establish a universal rule characterized by peace and prosperity. 2. the suffering Messiah: Struggles of righteous people who suffered and were persecuted because of their commitment to do God's will 3. The Son of Man (Ps 8, 16, 40): representative of man triumphed with perfect fellowship with God, complete obedience 4. the coming of God: God would come to judge the wicked & reward His ppl 5. The nations--the universal divine kingdom (related to God's promise to bless the nations thru Abraham)
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# What type of psalm is Psalm 1?
is a wisdom psalm. know what it teaches as the key to prospering in everything a person does.
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# This psalm gives instruction about how to respond to injustice.
Psalm 37
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# What three responses to injustice found in Ps 37 were noted in our classroom discussion of the first few verses of the psalm?
don't fret, don't be envious, refrain from anger
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# What teaching does Psalm 73 have in common with the book of Job in terms of responses to suffering that transform?
trust that God is good
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# According to the course pack what time period is covered by the psalms in the book of Psalms?
Moses(P 90) until after the exile (P 126)-- 1000 years
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# What kind of psalm is Ps. 78? Based on the verses of the psalm that we looked at in class what is the purpose of these salvation history psalms?
Psalm 78-salvation history: review Israel's history & renew their vows to obey God's covenant
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# What kind of psalm is Ps. 107? What does the psalm demonstrate about the importance of giving public testimony about God’s deliverance?
Salvation history/thanksgiving
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# What is wisdom as seen by the Old Testament?
-skill in living accord. to Yahweh's order -search for the order that God created
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# Note the importance of Prov. 1:7. Why is it such a central principle in the book?
"the fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge
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# Know the basic characteristics of the sluggard as noted in class
procrastination
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# Know the basic difference between the wise person & the foolish person as noted in class.
teachable, has discretion
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# Know what a proverb is.
general truth rather than an invariable law or promise; an individual proverb captures a tiny cross section of truth rather than providing a comprehensive teaching on a topic
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# Note where the pursuit of wisdom leads according to Prov. 2:1-5.
protect from a variety of dangers including evil men & wicked woman & keep a person flourishing on good & righteous paths
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# Know the three contributors to the book who are mentioned by name.
Solomon, Agur, Lemuel
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# Know where the acrostic poem describing the excellent woman is found.
Proverbs 31:10-31
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# This book emphasizes the uncertainties &inequities of life.
Ecclesiastes
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# What does Ecclesiastes present as the key to living in this fallen world?
Be realistic/trust God in the midst of realities of life in a fallen world/live wisely & be diligent/live in the light of death & eternity/Enjoy/Recognize God's sovereignty/ Fear God & keep his comm&ments
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# In which biblical book would you find Qoheleth?
Ecclesiastes (Qohelet: one who convenes an assembly of some kind)
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# How does Ecclesiastes provide a balance to the material that dominates Proverbs? Does Ecclesiastes discourage the use of proverbs &wisdom in living life?
Even as this book makes it clear that there are few guarantees in life in a fallen world, it contains many proverbs that make it clear that wise living is important
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# How does Ecclesiastes affirm the importance of living by faith?
by faith, not by sight. Apart from faith, there are no certain answers;only ambiguity & uncertainty
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# This book frequently exhorts the reader to “enjoy life.”
Ecclesiastes
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# This book is characterized by an emphasis on the vanity of things in this world.
Ecclesiastes
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# This book looks for a way to live that will generate a “profit” or “advantage,” &presumably one that death cannot rob us of.
Ecclesiastes
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# Be familiar with both the “two major character” &the “three major character” interpretation of Song of Songs.
2 character(Solomon,Shulamite) / 3 character (Solomon, Shulamite, the man she loved "shepherd") - read page 39-40 in coursepak
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# What did Curtis suggest about solving the problem of seeing Solomon (with his seven hundred wives &three hundred concubines [1 Kings 11:3]) as a role model for an ideal relationship between a man &a woman in marriage?
See this as an ideal relationship that Solomon in his wisdom realized was possible, but one that he never personally experienced b/c he refused to obey God's wisdom in such matters; (other less-preferred possibilities: Suppose that Solomon's other marriages were for political alliances, not out of true love. Or The girl died and Solomon tried to feel the gap thru many marriages)
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# Be familiar with Solomon, Shulamite, & the daughters of Jerusalem.
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# Curtis suggests that this book is a commentary of sorts on Genesis 2:24 & that it further describes the “one flesh” relationship mentioned in Genesis.
Song of songs
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# What is meant by the “Day of the Lord” in prophetic literature?
when the Lord will come to punish sin and deliver his faithful people
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# Know the six major themes of Isaiah’s preaching.
(1) the holiness of God (2) sovereignty of God (3) the Messiah (4) the remnant: the core of the faithful who would form the nucleus of a restored Israel (5) new Zion and the future Messianic kingdom (6) the need for faith or trust
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# In which chapter of Isaiah would you find the account of God calling Isaiah to be a prophet?
Ch 6
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# In which chapter of Isaiah would you find the Immanuel passage applied by Matthew to the birth of Jesus?
Isaiah 7-9
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# In which chapter of Isaiah would you find the oracle against the king of Babylon described in terms often thought to be indicative of the fall of Satan?
Isaiah 14
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# This prophet is characterized by the use of the term “the Holy One of Israel.”
Isaiah
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# Know the difference in focus between chapters 1-39 & 40-66.
1-39: God's judgment on the sin of the nations and especially Judah / 40-66: hope and God's deliverance of hispeople from Exile
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# This prophet, almost two hundred years before the event, predicted by name Cyrus, the Persian king who allowed the Jews to return from their exile in Babylon.
Isaiah
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# What are the “Servant Songs” of Isaiah? Where would you find them in the book?
ch 49-57; king, prophet, and the people of Judah are called the servant of the Lord at various points in the book. (people and kings are not good servants). A good servant obeys the Lord, brings justice,experience suffering, restore nations
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# Be familiar with Ahaz, Hezekiah, Merodach-baladan, Cyrus, &701 BC as discussed in the course pack.
Read p 41-43.
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# What Gentile nation did God use to judge: (a) the Northern Kingdom of Israel; (b) the Southern Kingdom of Judah?
(a) Assyria (b) Babylon
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# Which Babylonian king destroyed Jerusalem & took Judah into exile?
Nebuchadnezzar
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# Who was the king of Judah when Jeremiah was called to the prophetic ministry?
Josiah
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# Who was Jeremiah’s scribe?
Baruch
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# Briefly describe the reign of Josiah; the reign of Jehoiakim; the reign of Jehoiachin.
(a) Josiah: religious reforms, renovation of the Temple, a scroll of the Law was found -> around Josiah's death, Judah fell under Babylon (b) Jehoiakim: no zeal for God. His interest was in securing powerand control for himself, He rejected Jeremiah's teaching (c) Jehoiachin: Exiled to Babylon, reigned for 3months. Evil king no influence.
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# Which king was taken into captivity into Babylon?
Jehoiachin (son of Jehoiakim)
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# What is the basic point made by Jeremiah in his famous Temple sermon in chapter 7?
Judeans supposed that because they were people of God and had the Temple in their midst they were guaranteed God's protection from their enemies. Jeremiah says it's not so and God wants repentance and obedience if he is to bless the people.
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# Which king destroyed the scroll containing Jeremiah’s prophecies? What was Jeremiah’s response to that action?
Jehoiakim / Wrote another scroll / prophesy against Jehoiakim he will be ruined
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# This prophet predicted that the exile would last for 70 years.
Jeremiah
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# This prophet was allowed to stay in Judah after 586, but was then forced to go to Egypt where he died.
Jeremiah
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# This prophet was specifically instructed by God to remain unmarried.
Jeremiah
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# What is the significance of the “New Covenant” prophecy in Jeremiah?
He realizes that people's heart was wicked and looks forward to a time when God's people have new hearts of obedience (jesus and Holy Spirit makes these possible)
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# 1. This book contains poems mourning over the destruction of Jerusalem.
Lamentations
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# 2. Why was there such theological concern about the destruction of a capital city?
For Zion to be in ruins suggested that the covenant was also in ruins. For Jerusalem or Zion was the place where the Lord chose to establish His name, location of the temple of God, and the center of the Davidic covenant.
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# 3. This chapter is the source of the song Great is Thy Faithfulness &the chorus The Steadfast Love of the Lord Never Ceases.
Lamentation ch 3
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# 1. This prophet was taken to Babylon as an exile in 597 BC.
Ezekiel
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# 4. What principle, seen also in several psalms, allows the psalmist to change from a spirit of deep distress to hope in Lam. 3?
As he reflects on the lovingkindness of God, he is able to see beyond the immediate tragedy and see that there is a basis for hope. Because God is sovereign and is favorably disposed toward us, we can be confident that there is a future, and that God's purpose for us has not been thwarted by the disaster.
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# location of Jeremiah
Judah
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# location of Daniel
Babylon (exiles)
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# Location of Ezekiel
Babylon (exiles)
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# Location of Hosea
northern Kingdom of Israel
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# Location of Amos
8th Century, to the northern kingdom of Israel, Jeroboam II, Amaziah the priest
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# 3. This king was taken into exile to Babylon.
Jehoiachin
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# 4. This prophet was told to lie on his side for 390 days with Israel’s iniquity on top of him, &then to lie on the other side for 40 days with the iniquity of Judah on him.
Ezekiel
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# 5. When did Ezekiel’s wife die?
on the day Nebuchadnezzar laid siege to Jerusalem (symbolize that the desire of the people's eyes, Jerusalem, is taken from them just as Ezekiel's wife was taken)
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# 6. What was the significance of the brick on which Ezekiel inscribed the map of Jerusalem?
He was to build siege ramps against and put military camps around the brick to symbolize the Babylonian siege of Jerusalem that would shortly occur
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# 7. Note the three major divisions of Ezekiel & the general contents of each.
(1) ch 1-24: time before the Fall of Jerusalem, message of judgement to unrepentant Judah (2) ch 25-32: nations surrounding Judah, who had taken delight in Judah's destruction, will be punished by God. (3)ch 33-48: Israle's future -- restoration as a single nation, worship the Lord in a Temple.
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# 8. This prophet is famous for the extensive use of the phrase “they shall know that I am the Lord.”
Ezekiel
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# 9. Where would you find Israel & Judah described as prostitutes pursuing their lovers?
Ezekiel (ch 16, 23)
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# 10. What finally cured Judah of her idolatry?
Babylon Exile
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# 11. Who used the proverb, “The days are long & every vision fails?”
leaders who practiced idolatory who heard so many messages from false prophets (Ezekiel 12:21)
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# 12. According to Hill &Walton what is the basic intent of the chariot visions of Ezekiel?
show God's majesty, sovereignty (He has full control over all his creation), patience, mercy, holiness
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# 13. What is the significance of the “dry bones vision” in chapter 37; the two sticks in Ezek 37; &God’s glory returning to the Temple in 40-43?
dry bones-- come to life, two sticks-- Judah & Israel will be re-united
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# 1. This prophet was taken into exile to Babylon in 605 BC.
Daniel
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# 14. Why did your professor conclude that the Temple described in Ezek 40-43 is a temple that will be built in the future?
different in a number of details from information given in the Law or Solomon's temple or the refurbished Temple.
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