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cognition
refers to a process that involves knowing, understanding remembering and communicating
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cognitive psychologist
study these activities, including the logical and somtimes illogical ways in which we create concepts, solve problems , make decisions, and form judgements.
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concept
a mental grouping of similar objects,events,ideas,or people
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prototypes
a mental image or best example of a category
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algorithm
a very time cosuming procedure that guarantess solving a problem
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heuristics
a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgements and solve problems efficently less time consuming
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confirmation bias
a tendency to search for information that confirms ones preconception
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fixation
the inabilty to see a problem from a new prespective
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problem solving stratgegies
- trail and error
- algorithms
- heuristice
- insight
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representation heuristic
judging the liklihood of things and terms of how well they seem to represent, or match particular prototypes, may lead one to ignore other relevant information
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available heuritics
operates when we base our judgement on how mentally available information is
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overconfidence
the tendency to be more confident than correct -to overestimate the accuracy of ones beliefs and judgements
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framing
the way an issue is posed: how an issue is framed can significanlty affect descions and judgements
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belief perseverance
clingin to ones initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited
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language
our spoken written gestured way we communicate
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babbling stage
begins at 4 mths utters various sounds
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two word stage
beginss at age 2 uses 2 words
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operant learning
skiner believed that language development may be explained on the basis of learning principles such as association,imitation, and reinforcement
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inborn universal grammar
chomsky suggest that the rate of language acgsition is to fast and childhood is a critcal period for fully developingg certain aspects of language
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linguistic determinism
language determines the way we think
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howard gardner
proposed 8 types of intelligence
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existential intelligence
the ability to think about the question of life and death
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8 intelligence
- 1-linguistic-poet
- 2-logical-mathmatical
- 3-musical
- 4-spatial-artist
- 5-bodily-kinesthetic-dancer
- 6-intrapersonal-psychiatrist
- 7-interpersonal-leader
- 8-naturalist
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robert steinberg
believes in triarchy theory of 3 intelligence
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steinberg 3 inteligences
- analytical-assesd by intelligence test
- creative intelligence-reacting adaptivly to novel situations
- practical -required for everyday tasks
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5 component of creativity
- exspertise
- imaginative thinking skills
- venturesome personality
- intrinsic motivation
- creative enviroment
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expertise
a well developed base of knowlegde
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imaginative thinking skills
the ability to see things in novel ways
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venturesome personality
a personalitybthat seeks new exsperience rather than follow the pack
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intrinsic motivation
a motivatiokn to be creative from within
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creative enviroment
a creative and supportive enviroment allows creativity to bloom
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alfred binet
original intelligence test
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