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Most common side effect of antiarrhythmic drugs?
hypotension
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How are antiarrhythmic drugs classified?
According to their mechanism of action
- Class I: sodium channel blockers
- Class II: beta blockers
- Class III: drugs that prolong repolarization
- Class IV: calcium channel blockers
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Chronic condition in which the heard is unable to pump a sufficient quantity of blood to meet the needs of peripheral tissues. Fluid accumulates in lungs and periphery because heart can't maintain proper circulation.
Congestive Heart Failure
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Which group of drugs was 1st to increase the lifespan of patients with congestive heart failure?
ACE inhibitors (angiotensin converting enzyme)
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Main side effect of drugs that decrease clotting?
Hemorrhage
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Break down and dissolve a clot that has already formed
thrombolytic
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Controls function and synthesis of clotting factors and prevent clotting in the venous system
Anticoagulant
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Inhibit function of platelets (keep them from getting sticky)
Antithrombotic
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Time constraint for administering a thrombolytic?
Must be administered within 12 hours of onset of symptoms.
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How to stop long term steroid therapy?
Taper off
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Symptoms of hypothyroidism?
- lethargy
- weight gain
- constipation
- bradycardia
- sleepiness
- anorexia
- cold intolerance
- menorrhagia
- weakness
- dry coarse skin
- facial edema
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Symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
- nervousness
- weight loss
- diarrhea
- tachycardia
- insomnia
- increased appetite
- heat intolerance
- oligomenorrhea
- muscle wasting
- goiter
- expothalmos
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Vitamin D helps the body absorb
calcium
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What does GERD stand for?
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
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IDDM stands for what? give another name.
- Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
- Type I diabetes
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Is Type I or Type II diabetes more common?
Type II - 90% of diabetes cases
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Can insulin be absorbed in the stomach?
No
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Main side effect of insulin
Hypoglycemia
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Hypoglycemia symptoms
- Initially- headache, fatigue, hunger, tachycardia, sweating, anxiety, and confusion.
- Severe- loss of consciousness, convulsion, death
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2 things to treat hypoglycemia
- Glucose tablet/liquid
- Coke or OJ
- Follow sugar with carbs to keep sugar elevated
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Which vitamin decreases effectiveness of Warfarin?
- Vitamin K
- found in leafy greens and liver
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Main reason we don't like to use glucocorticoids in children?
Slows their growth
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Glucocorticoid catabolic effect on ligaments and muscles?
breakdown
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