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magnetic domains
- groups of atoms
- unmagnetized iron bar (domain r scattered)
- magnetized iron bar (domains r aligned)
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Magnetic Field
region where magnetic forces act
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Magnetic poles
- North and south ends of a magnet where the magnetic effect is the strongest
- Unlike poles attract
- likes poles repel
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Magnetism
force of attraction or replusion of a magnetic material
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Earth's Magnetic Field
the magnetic south pole is near the geographic north pole
the magnetic north pole is near the geographic south pole
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compass
instrument that reacts to the earth's magnetic field( the north pole of the compass points the earth's magnetic south pole
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Electromagnet
an elecrtomagnet is a series of loops of wire wrapped around an iron core. When an electric current is passed through the wire, magnetic field is produced
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Aurora Borealis
Northern Lights created by magnetic particles from the sun (solar wind) striking the earth's magnetic field.
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Static Electricity
- build of electrons on an object
- negative charge-excess of electrons
- postive charge-excess of protons
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lighting
large static discharge( can occur from cloud to ground, ground to cloud or cloud to cloud
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Electric circuit
- and unbroken path along which an electric current is able to travel.
- parrallel provides more than one path for current to travel
- series provides only one path for current to travel
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open circuit
a circuit in which there is a broken pathway
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short circuit
a circuit in which there is no resistance
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volts
unit that measures the push behind electons Potential difference V=IR
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Amperes
unit that measures electron flow (I=V/R)
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Ohms
unit that measures the resistance in a circuit (R=V/I)
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conductors
- materials through which electric current can pass through readily
- copper
- aluminum
- silver
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insulators
- materials through which a current cannot readily
- wood
- rubber
- plastic
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electric cell battery
- stores chemical energy which can transformed into electical energy in a circuit
- **does not store electicity**
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Light
- portion of electromagnetic spectrum that is visible
- speed-186,282 m/s
- primary source the sun
- travels in a straight line
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transverse wave
- light behaves as a wave with a crest, through, wavelength, and frequency
- shimer in water speed will change slower
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Photon
light also behaves as a packet or energy that has no mass
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reflection
bouncing back of a wave from a surface
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diffraction
bending of a light wave
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refraction
the result of light changing speed and direction when traveling from one medium to another
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convex lens
light waves converge (come together)
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concave lens
light waves diverge (spread apart)
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convex mirror
light waves reflect and converge
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concave mirror
light waves refect and diverge
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white light
composite of the different wavelengths of visible light with longest wavelengths being red and the shortest wavelength violet
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prism
object which refracts white light ist colors
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primary colors of light
- red
- blue
- green
- red +green=yellow}
- red +blue=magenta}complimentary colors
- green+blue=cyan} color by addition
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primary pigment
- cyan,magneta, and yellow
- magneta+cyan=purple
- cyan+yellow=green
- magneta+yellow=orange
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transparent
object through which light readily passes
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translucent
object that allows light to pass through but scatters the light
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opaque
object that does not allow light to pass through
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electomagnetic spectrum
the of all possible electromagnetic radiation from radio waves,(the longest) to gamma rays and cosmic rays( the shortest) shorter than gamma
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Roy G Biv
- red, orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,voilent,
- the visible colors of light
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Additive colors
red,green,blue
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subtractive colors
cyan,magenta,yellow
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additive colors
produced light sources
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subtractive colors
- produced when light strikes a surface and some of the light is absorbed(subtracted), and the rest is reflected
- a single subtractive color subtracts or absorb one of the additive colors
- combining all three subtractive colors with equal intensities produces black, because all colors are subtracted
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light year
astronomical distance of light which travels 6 trillion miles
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closest start to earth
proxima Centauri 4 light years away
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sister galaxy to earth
Andromeda
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hubble telescope
view galaxy est. 13 billion light years from earth
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radio telescope
have detected objects emitting radio waves close to that distance
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sun
medium size, medium temperature diameter is 865,000 can fit one million earths inside.
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energy the sun undergoes called
fusion which changes hydrogen atom into helium atoms converting 700 million tons of hydrogen into helium every second.
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Hertzsprung-Russel
diagram uses surface temperature and brightness to plot stars.
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largest stars
super giant r 1000x>sun
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white dwarf
very small<the earth
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The hottest stars
blue and white in color with a surface temp. of 35,000 degrees Celsius
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sun
yellow surface temp of 6,000 degrees.
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constellations
patterns of stars
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big dipper
part of Ursa major
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little dipper
Ursa minor and little bear
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Acturus
which is part of the constellation bootes
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below the big dipper
leo the lion
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pollux
forms one of the 2 heads of gemini
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castor
forms the other head
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3 bright stars in a row which
make up the belt of orion
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sirius
dog star part of canis major
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taurus the bull
has the brightest star Aldebaran
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pleiades or 7 sisters
if a person can see all of the sisters with the unaided eye, you have excellent eyesight.
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pulsars
neutron star emit a beam of radiation
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celestial bodies which are important in astronomy
pulsars, quasars, blackholes
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quasars
quasi-stellar radio source radiate energy equal to an average galaxy
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black holes
is a remnant of a giant star that has collaspe
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Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune
have dark rings
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metors showers
also called leonids
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Internet based experiences
- virtual field trips
- visit science exhibits
- factory tours
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using multimedia packages
- the great solar system rescue
- the great ocean rescue
- planetarium programs
- virtual labs
- gizmos
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computer databases
- Globe project global learning and observation to benefit the enironment
- nasa's s'cool student cloud observation on line
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computer based lab
- acculab
- data harvest company
- pasco
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using spreadsheets to organize and analyze data computer program for organizing data in rows and columns
- microsoft excel
- inspire data
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multimedia softward programs
- powerpoints
- kid pix
- kidspiration
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factors for managing educational technology in the classroom
- number of computers
- school wide multimedia centers
- software and internet options
- school internet use policies
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connecting science and math
- engage in science exericises that involves adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing
- quantify the real world by identifying variables counting objects and events and estimating numbers and sizes
- organize and interpret data by constructing graphs, diagrams
- make use of the metric systems
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connecting science and english
- supply the student with opportunities for practice in communication through writing speaking
- utilize prereading strategies make predictions
- postreading strategies that might be utilized would go beyond asking factual questions
- having student improve their writing skills
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connecting science and social studies
- students should be guided to understand and describe how science and technology have changed transportation, communication,medicine,ag.
- give examples of contributions of scientists and inventors that have shape society
- help student analyze enironment changes brought about by scientific discoveries
- explain to the students how science and tech have changed the way of people live
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Frequencynumber of vibrations past a point in a given amount of time
Wavelength
distance from crest to crest
long wavelength-low frequency- low pitch
short wavelength- high frequency-high pitch
sound
a distanse which results in the moverment of molecules
-must have a medium
-travels longitudinal or compressional
Amplitudedistance from baseline to crest
Decibelunit used to measure the loudness of a sound
Echoreflection of a sound wave
Interference
when two or more sound waves interact
-constructive sound waves reinforce on another
-destructive the sounds waves cancel one another out resulting in beats
Sound Qualityfundamental tone plus overtones
Musicsound vibration that have a regular pattern
Noisesound waves that have an irregular pattern
SONARanimals and man to detect underwater objects
Infransonicsounds below the range of human hearing
Ultrasonicsounds above the range of human hearing
Doppler Effectapparent change in the flequency of a sound as the distance between the source of the sound and the receiver of the sound changes
SONAR- SOund, NAvigation and Ranging
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battery
hold chemical energy
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resister
slows electricity down
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conductor
- stop electricity
- hardwood insolator
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