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what 4 things does an accurate chemical analysis depend on
proper collection, perservation, processing, method of anlysis ( all are equally inportant)
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what is the idea time for lab measurements to be performed
within 1 hr or you must perserve the sample
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why are specimens preserved
- 1. so the substance wont be altered
- 2. speciment collected in a timely sequience should be stored ntil they can be analysed at the same time
- 3. so the samples retained long enough to repeat if necessary
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what sample is most often used for chemical analysis
serum
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what is the differance between serum and plasma
- 1. serum is liquid portion with fibergins and clotting factors removed
- 2. plasma is liquid portion of the circulating blood and it contains fibergins and clotting factors
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what vacutainer is used to collect serum and why
gold top or red, the tubes have no anticolagent in the tube
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how is a gold top tube processed
- 1. inverted 5 times- do not remove stopper, or centerfuge after drawing
- 2. allow to clot upright- atleast 15 mins. no more than 60 min.
- 3. centerfuge at least 15 min. within 1 hr. of collection
- 4. transfer to a labeled plastic screw cap vial
- 5. cool or freeze
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what are the precautions when handing blood
- 1. gloves
- 2. open stopper away from you
- 3. disinfect blood spills immediatly with 10% bleach or disinfectant
- 4. discard tubs and sharps in container
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hemolyzed serum
a clear red color to the serum or plasma
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icteric or (hyperbilirubinemia, jundice)
brownish yellow, patient may have jaundice or hepetisis
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lipemic
is milky white (serum or plasma)
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accuracy
the true or actual size
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normal value
average results of healthy indivuals
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standard
calibrator used to set machine value
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control
check accuracy, must fall within a acceptable range befor patient valur report
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duplicate determination
one of the specimens in the batch is measured twice and it check precision
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proficiency survey
speciments are sent to the lab, you analize sample and send the results. the agency will let you know how you did
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what does a quality control program include
- 1. standards or calibrators
- 2. controls
- 3. duplicates
- 4. profenecy service
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what 4 things does the control check for
- 1. machine or instrument
- 2. reagents, strips, test cards, and starting manual
- 3. operator
- 4. environment tempture and humidity
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what steps should follow if a control fall outside of the acceptable range
- 1. document it ( in lab book)
- 2. check everything
- 3. retest the same control vial
- 4. retest new vial
- 5. recalerbrate the machine
- 6. call customer service
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what is great about fasting
- reflects metabolic base line
- avoids lipema
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