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Anything that can change during an experiment is known as an
independent variable
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A system of knowledge based on facts or principals
science
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A good expirament tests __ variable
One
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Is what changes in an experiment because of the independent variable
dependent variable
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Measure of space or capacity of a container. It is measured in
Volume, cubic meters
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Variable that the scientist changes in the experiment
independent variable
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measure of quantity of matter in an object. the base unit is ___.
Mass, Gram
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an answer to your question that can be tested
hypothesis
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a systematic way of answering questions or solving problems
scientific method
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used to compare data
bar graph
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used to show change over time
line graph
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used to show parts of a whole
pie graph
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anything that has mass and occupies space
matter
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law of conservation of mass states"
mass is neither created nor destroyed
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law of conservation of energy states:
energy is neither created nor destroyed
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change of a substance that occurs without a change in composition
physical change
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substance that cant be broken down into simpler substances
element
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a change that occurs when a substance changes composition by forming one or more new substances
chemical change
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mass per unit volume of a substance or "how much stuff is inside an object"
density
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chemical symbols and letters indicating the atoms contained in the basic unit of a substance
chemical formula
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when a mixture yeilds the same composition throughout
homogeneous mixture
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when a mixture does not uniformly mix
heterogeneous mixture
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attractive force that holds atoms or ions together
chemical bond
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atoms join to form bonds so each element has a
full outer shell
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atom with a positive charge
cation
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atom with a negative charge
anion
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ion made of two or more atoms that are covalently bonded and that act like a single ion
polyatomic ion
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bond formed when atoms share electrons. they bond a __ to a __.
covalent bond. nonmetal to a nonmetal
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bond formed from a transfer of electrons between oppositely charged ions. they bond __ to __.
ionic bond/ metals to nonmetals
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tiny units that determine the properties of all matter
atoms
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states that when the elements are arranged by their number of protons, the similarities in their properties will occur in a regular pattern.
electron configuration
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most elements on the periodic table are
metals
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any atom that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
isotopes
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horizontal rows are the __. it tells us how many ___ are in an element.
periods, valence electrons
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the center of an atom
nucleus
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vertical column on the periodic table, it tells us how many __ are in an atom
group, electrons
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process of removing or adding electrons to an atom is called
ionization
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all atoms have a __ charge
neutral
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number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. it is equal to the number of __ .
atomic number, electrons
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positively charged subatomic particle
protons
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negatively charged subatomic particle
electrons
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subatomic particle with no charge
neutron
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metallic elements in groups 3- 12 of the periodic table
transition metals
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elements located in group 17 of the periodic table
halogens
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elements located in group 18 of the periodic table. they are __ or unreactive.
noble gases, inert.
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electron on the outermost energy level
valence electron
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milk is a ___
homogeneous mixture
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apple pie is a ___
heterogeneous mixture.
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tearing a piece of paper is a __.
physical change
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how do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
electrons - protons
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