photo final

the size of the lens opening though which light passes. also know as f-stop

refers to the process of adding primary colors (of the given color system) together to produce secondary colors. RGB

a mode of automatic exposure in which the photographer selects the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed that will produce the correct exposure

Number of bits for each pixel in an image. The higher the bit depth, the greater number of colors there are.

to make several exposures, some greater and some less than the exposer that is calculated to be correct

increasing the light to an area to make it darker.

the four colors used in printing with most digital printers: cyan, yellow, magenta and black

a film's or a sensor's response to the colors of a scene

a numerical description of the color of light measured in degrees Kelvin (K)

Contrast in photography is the difference between dark and light. It also refers to contrasts created with colour, tones and texture.

the area between the nearest and farthest point from the camera that are acceptability sharp in an image

a camera - raw format that is open source, which means that any camera or software can use it in their product

blocking light makes that area of the print lighter

dots per inch

the difference between the lightest and darkest values in a scene or image

a tube containing a gas that produces a brief, brilliant flash light when electrified. Also called strobe.

an instrument that measures the amount of light falling on a subject (incident light meter) or the amount of light emitted or reflected by a subject (reflected-light meter) allowing aperture ans shutter speed settings to be computed. Commonly called a light meter.

a combination of apertures and shutter speeds that will produce the same exposure

describes 1. a film, sensor or paper that is very sensitive to light 2. a lens that opens to a very wide aperture 3, a short shutter speed

the common term for the aperture setting of a lens

a card that reflects a known percentage of the light falling on it, usually 18%

a number used to calculate the aperture that correctly exposes the sensor at a given ISO (typically 100) to find the aperture setting, divide the guide number by the distance

a graph that shows the distribution in a digital image of tones

a bracket on the top of a camera that attaches a flash unit and provides for communication between the camera and flash

the physical size of a photograph

a exposure meter that measures the amount of light falling on the subject

the band of invisible rays just beyond red, Some photographic materials are sensitized to record infraed

a numerical rating that describes the sensitivity to light of film or of a digital camera's sensor. The ISO rating doubles as the sensitivity to light doubles

a file formate that compresses photos by discarding pixels determined to be unnecessary. It is considered a lossy formate

the amount of over or underexposure possible without significant loss of quality of an image

to increase the size of a lins aperture

to give more than normal exposure to film, sensor or paper

the setting on a lens that allows the most light to be admitted. typically anywhere from f1.4 to f4

the setting on a lens that allows the least amount of light to be admitted. typically, anywhere between f16 to f32

to follow the motion of a moving object with the camera

short for picture element

a filter that reduces the reflection from nonmetallic surfaces by blocking light waves that are vibrating at selected angles to the filter. enhances blues.

basic colors from which all other colors can be mixed

a single focal length lens

adobe's proprietary format for photoshop documents

a digital camera photograph in exactly the form it was captured by the camera

an exposure meter that measure the amount of light reflected or emitted by the subject

a mechanism that opens and closes to admit light into a camera for a measured length of time. the two most common are focal plane shutters (found in 35mm cameras) and lead shutters

a mode of automatic exposure in which the photographer selects the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture that will produce the correct exposure

the highest shutter speed in a SLR camera at which the opening curtain has fully opened, allowing a proper flash exposure on the sensore. sometimes called x sync.

Single lens reflex. A camera in which the image is formed by the taking lens is reflected by a mirror onto a ground glass screen for viewing. the mirror swing out of the way just before exposure to let the image reach the film or sensor

to decrease the size of a lens opening

a way to produce colors by mixing dyes of the three subtractive primaries - cyan, magenta and yellow

an electrical cord connecting a flash unit with a camera so that the two can be synchronized.

the part of the spectrum just beyond violet. Ultraviolet light is invisible to the human eye but strongly affects photographic materials

this format is the universal format for high - quality photographs and can be opened most programs that work with photographs. it is considered a lossless format.

to give less than normal exposure to film, sensore or paper.

a lens setting where the lens is set at it's maximum aperture

batteries, ISO, Shutter (firsts things to check before you take photos)

boo

1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32

1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/250, 1/500, 1/1000, 1/2000, 1/4000

1/250

1/250

1/60

22

2

4

angle of view

less depth of field

more depth of field

more distortion, objects seem larger when closer, lots of depth of field

very close up photos, cost more, slow max aperture

long, 60mm more, compressed perpective, shallow depth of field, cost average to a lot, bulky

not as costly, quality not as good

lens to subject distance not by lens focal length

less

• 1) changing to shorter or longer foal length
• 2) stepping closer or further away from subject
• 3) closing or opening aperture

additive colors. red, green and blue. the primary colors of light used in digital imaging that, when combined, can creare a full color image on a computer monitor, tv, cameras

scene that is not typical in tonal value (ie snow/coal). Usually gives wrong reading on camera light meters

high dynamic range.

• 

• sees in black and white
• only responds to light
• filters are put on top of the sensor (RGB) to read color

green. the human eye is more sensitive to the color green.

bluer things get (ie. sun)

auto white balance

• sun is bluest
• tungsten lights is redest.

back lit, side lit, front lit

• back - hard to expose/dramatic
• side - emphasize texture
• front - least dramatic straight foward

good for 10-12 ft

• good for 15-20ft
• flexible
• eliminated red eye

• powerful
• recycle time is fast

• very fast
• powerful
• can get light modifiers with variable power settings

• tungsten (hot, cheap, not reliable)
• quarts halogen (more consistent, dangerously hot)

between 400-700nm

RGB

CMY

5500

3200

bit, byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte

8 bit - 252 tones

24 bit - 16 + millons tones

Joseph Nicephore Niepce