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The pelvis is separated from the perineum by the ______ diaphragm
pelvic
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What muscle makes up the urogenital diaphragm?
Deep transverse perineal muscle
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What muscles make the pelvic diaphragm floor?
Puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococygeus, and cocygeus.
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Internal female genital organs consist of _______ and are located in the ______ pelvis
ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina; lesser pelvis
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External female genital organs consist of ______ and are located in the ______ pelvis.
clitoris, labia minor and major, vaginal vestibule; perineum
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This is a cheesy/oily substance that can be found in uncircumsised men.
Smegma. It is carinogenic to the cervix.
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What is the name of the sheath of peritoneum over the uterus?
Broad ligament/Mesometrium
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How are the ovaries attached to the uterus?
Ovarian ligament
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How are the ovaries attached to the lateral abdominal wall?
Suspensory ligament
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Uterus anchored between the urinary bladder and rectu, by what ligament?
Round (teres) ligament
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Epithelium in uterus
Simple high columnar
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What is the branch from Japan that is used to absorb water gradually in order to dialate the cervix?
Laminarium
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If the internal os in incomplete, what could this lead to during pregnancy?
Habitual abortion
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Name of the surgery to tie the cervix to prevent habitual abortions.
Shirodka/McDonald
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Blood supply to the uterus.
Uterine artery (from the internal iliac) and ovarian artery
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If a woman has intermentrual bleed, what condition is that indicative of?
Leiomyomas (fiboroids)
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Yearly exam done to detect cervical cancer.
Pap smear
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The uterus is normally ante-flexed and bent forward over the urinary bladder. This is responsible for ______ support of the uterus and prevents it from being pushed out of the genital opening.
Passive (mechanical) support
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What is it called when part of the uterus bulges out of the vagina?
Prolapse
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What is shed during menstruation?
Endometrium
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In what phase does bleeding happen in the menstrual cycle?
First phase of desquamation and regeneration
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In fallopian tube, cillia produce current towards the uterus, which is good for what?
Migration and distribution of spermatozoa.
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Where is the site of fertilization?
Ampulla
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What is it called when implantation occurs in places other than the uterus?
Ectopic pregnancy
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What is the parasympathetic innervations of the urinary bladder?
Pelvic splanchnic nerve
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What volume of fluid can the bladder hold?
Between 700-800 mL
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Volume of urine in bladder that leads urge to urinate?
350 mL
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At what place do ureters enter the bladder?
Trigone
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Place the urethra leaves the bladder?
Trigone, which has smooth epithelium
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Type of epithelium that lines the bladder.
Transitional
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Where do prostatic secretions drain into?
Prostatic sinus
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What makes up the ejaculatory duct?
Seminal vesicles and vas deferens
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What secretions do seminal vesicles add?
Alkaline solution and fructose (energy for sperm)
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Innervation of deep transverse perineal muscle.
Pudenal nerve
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Glands in males produces muscus to lubricate urethra.
Cowper's gland (bulbourethral)
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Gland in female synonymous to Cowper's gland.
Bartholin's gland
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Part of the male urethra is most vulnerable to injuries because it is fixed and less mobile.
Membranous part
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What is the primitive urogenital sinus in females?
Mullerian duct
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What is the primative urogenital sinus in males?
Wolffian duct
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What glands in females are homologous to prostate in men?
Paraurethral glands
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Why is the female urinary tract more prone to infection?
Shorter in length and closer to the anus.
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How are the testis suspended in the scrotum?
Spermatic cord
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Pathway of sperm
SEVENUP - Seminiferous tubules > Epididymis > Vas deferens > Ejaculatory duct > nothing > Urethra > Penis
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What helps to keep the temperature of the testis constant?
Pampiniform plexus
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Blood supply of the testis.
Testicular artery
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Function of dartos fascia.
Contraction causes scrotum to wrinkle when cold and prevents heat loss.
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Where does the external spermatic fascia originate from?
External abdominal oblique muscle
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Where does the cremaster muscle originate from?
Internal abdominal oblique muscle
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Where does the tunica vaginalis and internal spermatic fascia originiate from?
Tunica vaginalis from peritoneum; Internal spermatic fascia from transversalis fascia
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Where do the seminal vesicles open into to produce ejaculatory ducts?
Ductus deferens
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Where the prostate gland increases in number of cells causes enlargement which causes urinary problems due to compression on urethra and can eventually
turn into cancer
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia or BPH
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The prostate is homologues to the what in females?
Paraurethral glands
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The bulbs of the vestibule in females are homologus with what in males?
Bulb of penis
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Lymphatics of the scrotum drain to the...
superficial inguinal lymph nodes
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This ligament of the uterus extends from the cervix to the lateral pelvic walls
Transverse cervical (cardinal) ligament
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This ligament is situation posteriorly in the uterus
Sacrocervical (sacrouterine) ligament
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This ligament is situation anteriorly in the uterus
Pubocervical (pubouterine) ligament
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An inflammation and infection of the Fallopian tubes which may lead to loss of the epithelium and may interfere with fertilization which can lead to sterility.
Salpingitis
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