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coagulase
enzyme - coagulates blood plasma
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hyaluronidase
enzyme - digests connective tissue
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staphlokinase
enzyme - digests blood clots
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lipase
enzyme - digests oils, allowing bacteria to more easily colonize the skin
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penicillinase
enzyme - inactivates penicillin, rendering the bacterium resistant
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hemolysins (α, β, γ, δ)
toxin - lyses red blood cells
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leukocidin
toxin - lyses neutrophils and macrophages
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enterotoxins
toxin - induces nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
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exfoliative toxins (A, B)
toxin - causes desquamation of the skin
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toxic shock syndrome toxin
toxin - induces TSS - fever vomiting, rash, organ damage
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staphlococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)
painful, bright red flushed body, blisters, desquamation of epidermis
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pyogenic cocci
stimulate pus formation - Staphlococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Neisseria
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folliculitis
superficial inflammation of hair follicles
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furuncle
boil - results when the inflammation of a single hair follicle or sebaceous gland progresses into a large, red, and extremely tender avcess or pustule
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carbuncle
cluster of furuncles into one large mass
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impetigo
bubblelike epidermal swellings that can break and peel away like a localized form of scalded skin syndrome
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osteomyelitis
a focal infection of the internal structures of long bones, leading to pain and inflammation
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erythrogenic toxin
induces fever by action upon the temperature regulatory center, bright red rash
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superantigens
toxin - stimulates T-cells to necrotize cells
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scarlet fever
complication of Streptococcal Pharyngitis (strep throat)
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lobar pneumonia
fluid accumulates in the alveoli along with red and white blood cells, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae
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consolidation
solidification of exudate, cells and bacteria mixture in the air spaces of the lungs
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conjugate vaccine
vaccines consisting of the capsule polysaccharide complexed to a protein carrier to make it more immunogenic in young children
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petechiae
crops of lesions developing on the trunk and appendages of meningitis patients, caused by Nisseria meningitidis
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ecchymoses
larger petechiae spots found on the trunk and appendages of meningitis patients, caused by Nisseria meningitidis
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streptolysins
hemolysin produced by group A Streptococci
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