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brain lobes
- makes up the cerebrum
- 1. frontal
- 2. parietal
- 3. temporal
- 4 occipital
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role of frontal
thought process/personality
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role of occipital
visual cortex
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role of parietal
Broca's area/speech
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Midbrain
extends from pons to diancephelon
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diencephalon,
superior to the midbrain, consists of the thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus
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CerebroSpinalFluid
clear liquid that protects brain and spinal cord from chem & physical injuries
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Brain stem
- consists of
- 1. medulla oblongata
- 2. pons
- 3. reticular formation
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role of medulla oblongata
involved in respiratory and other visceral actions, such as organ movement. Also aids in balance
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role of pons
controls organs and respitory
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role of reticular formation
aids in SLEEP cycle - injury to this causes a COMA
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role of cerebellum
- controls balance
- aids in fine motor movements, ie writing
- aids in learning physical movements, ie basketball players utilize this to play well
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Cranial nerves
- 12 pair in total, there are two more that are under discussion
- cranial nerve 0 and cranial nerve 13
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possible role of cranial nerve 0
sexual stimulation, sensory
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possible role of cranial nerve 13
glossal nerve, mainly motor, for speech articulation
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CN1 - olfactory nerve
- sensory
- transmits sense of SMELL
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CN2 - optic nerve
- sensory
- in the RETINA of each eye joint
- transmits visual info
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CN3 - oculomotor nerve
- motor
- EXTRINSIC eye muscle to control movement of upper eyeball and upper eyelid
- originates in midbrain
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CN4 - trochlear nerve
- motor
- aids in eyeball movement
- originates in midbrain
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CN5 - Trigeminal nerve
- mixed (sensory and motor)
- 3 sensations:
- V1 - orbital (opthalmic)
- V2 - maxillary
- V3 - mandibular
- Motor: these axons supply muscles of mastication
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CN6 - Abducens nerve
- motor
- movement of the eye, causes ABDUCTION of eyeball (lateral rotation)
- originares in PONS
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CN7 - facial nerve
- mixed (sensory and motor)
- sensory extends from tastebuds to anterior 2/3 of tongue
- motor helps with facial expressions
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CN8 - vestibularcochlear nerve
- sensory
- aids in hearing and balance, gravity and rotation
- cochlear branch carries hearing impulses
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CN9 - Glossoppharyngeal nerve
- mixed (sensor and motor)
- sensory aids in TASTE from posterior 1/3 of tongue
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CN10 - Vagus nerve
- mixed (sensory and motor)
- sensory deals with stretching and proprioception
- motor aids in visceral motor and control of body organs
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CN11 - Accessory nerve
- motor
- aids in back movement of vertebrae, sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
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CN12 - Hypoglossal
- Motor
- aids in movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing
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