Globals: IR

• time period when men were replaced with machines
• began in mid 1700s in Great Britain

large fields enslosed by fences or hedges

• planting different plants at different times of the year
• one year plant something that removes nutrients - then next year plant something that restores nutrients

process of developing machine production of goods

• resources needed to produce goods and services that the IR required
• land labor and wealth

person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risk of business

peanuts :D

city building and the movement of people to cities

a social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers

• industry created many new jobs
• factories were dirty, unsafe, and dangerous
• factory bosses were mean to workers
• LONG TERM EFFECT: workers won higher wages, shorter hours, better conditions

• Factory workers were overworked and underpaid
• skilled workers rose to lower middle class, and factory owners formed upper middle class
• Upper class dislike those in middle class that became wealthier than them
• LONG TERM EFFECT: standard of living generally rose

• factories brought job seekers to cities
• urban areas multiplied in size
• many cities specialized in certain industries
• LONG TERM EFFECT: suburbs grew as people fled crowded cities

• cities lacked sanitary codes and building controls
• Housing, water, and social services were scarce
• Epidemics swept through cities
• LONG TERM EFFECT: Housing, diet, and clothing improved

• small place
• ambitious people
• had lots of natural resources
• had expanding economy
• had business men that were willing to invest in the creations of inventions

• due to popultaion BOOM due to agriculture industrialization the demand for clothes increased
• To provide enough clothes, inventions needed to be made that allowed cheap mass production of clothing

• They had same natural resouces which allowed easy industrialization
• English worker Samuel Slater emigrated to US with copy of textile machines and built a spinning machine

• certain right of ownership
• people that bought stocks owned part of the business

business owned by stockholders who share the profits but are not responsible for debts

• increased competition between industrialized nations
• increased poverty in less developed nations
• wealthy nations took resources from poor nations
• brought imperialism: extending one country's rule over many other lands making the already wealthy country more powerful

• letting owners of industries set working conditions without interference
• believe that nations grow wealthy by setting heavy tariffs on foreign goods
• believe that government regulations interfere with wealth and production
• believe that free trade would help economy prosper

• defended idea of free economy and made 3 laws
• Law of self interest: people work for their own good
• Law of competition: competition forces people to make better products
• Law of supply and demand: enough goods made at lowest price to meet demand in a market economy

• economic system in which factors of production are privately owned and money is inested in business ventures to make profit
• it was branched off beliefs of Laissez Faire

• people should judge ideas, institutions, and actions, on basis of its usefulness
• belief that government should try to promote the greatest good for the greatest number of people

• 'haves'
• employers
• controlled means of producing goods

• 'have nots'
• workers
• performed labor under tolerable conditions

• factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the well-fare of all
• it grew out of Capitalism along with belief in progress and concern of social justice
• believed that if government rook control of industries it would promote equality and it would end poverty

• introduced by Karl Marx
• radical form of socialism
• believed that IR enriched the wealthy and impoverished the poor
• believed that capitalism will wither due to revolts of large proletariat population

• complete socialism in which all means of production would be owned by the people
• no such thing as private property
• everything is shared equally
• Led to reform movements

• stripping human qualities from men creating them into robots or animals
• This prevents uniqueness

the environment surrounding us that we live in and have to deal with (work, nature, other people)

the act of disrupting an established order so that it fails to continue