Pedi Abd

a thickened muscle in the pylorus that prevents food from entering the duodenum is

* when bowel prolapses into distal bowel and is propelled in an antegrated fashion is known as

hypertrophic pyloric stenosis occurs in all except

*other causes of vomiting in the infant include all except

maximum visualization of the stomach and pyloric canal may be seen when the transducer is

which statement is incorrect regarding measurements of the hypertrophied pyloric canal

which statement about appendicitis is false

in patients with appendicitis, the outer diameter should measure at least

other findings that may indicate appendicitis include all except

a pitfall in diagnosing appendicitis may be

children with intussusception may present clinically with all except

sonographic signs associated with bowel include all except

*the length of pediatric gallbladder should no exceed

*preparation for a biliary sonography exam of a 2year old child is

*an abdominal ultrasound may be ordered in the neonate when jaundice persists beyond

*which of the following is most likely to lead to cirrhosis

*the most common cause of prolonged neonate jaundice includes all except

*biliary atresia

*the most common type of choledochal cyst is

the pylorus muscle connects the ____ with the duodenum

*this is considered the infantile form of hepatocellular carcinoma

*an overdistended stomach displaces the pylorus

*the most common acute abdominal disorder in early childhood is

*in older children the common bile duct should not exceed

*the etiology of extrahepatic obstruction includes all except

this condition occurs when the fetus is stressed during a difficult delivery or during a hypoxia insult

these structures lie ar the bases of the medullary pyramids and appear as echogenic structres

this structure is thin in neonate with echogenicity similar or slightly greater than the normal liver

this condition is the most common cause of renal cystic diease in the neonate, multi cystic masses within the kidney may have contralateral ureteral pelvic junction abstruction

*the most frequent malignant tumor in the neonate and infant is

*VATER syndrome includes all except

conditions in the newborn associated with renal abnormalities includes all except

this structure should not be mistaken for dilated calyces or cysts

the best way to demonstrated the dilated ureter at the ureteropelvic junstion is with a

conditions that may lead to adrenal hemorrhage include all except

if the ipsilateral renal is absent or ectopic in location the adreanal gland

which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding ectopic ureteroceles

potter facies is

renal vein thrombosis is more prevalent in infants of

clinical signs of renal vein thrombosis in the neonate include all except

neuroblastoma is typically a malignant tumor of the

sonographic findings in adrenal hemmorrhage in the neonate include all except

differential considerations for hydornephrosis include all except

the most common cause of bladder oulet obstruction in the male neonate

normal renal length in the pedicatric patient varies with

the left adrenal gland

in the neonate the adrenal medulla appears as a/an

a pelvocaliceal dilation without ureteral dilation is seen with

bilateral renal enlargemnet is seen with

a neuroblastoma demonsrates

which statement about he composition of the vertebrae is false

the spinal cord is the younger child ends at the upper border of the

the cord tapers off into the

the spinal cord is surrounded by three meningers which includes all except

sonography is able to image the spinal cord because

which sonographic characteristics do not best describe the spinal cord

pathologic fixation of the spinal cord is an abnormal caudal location is know as

dilation of the central canal of the spinal cord is

indications for spinal sonography include all except

a dimple may be suspicious for a spinal abnormality if it is more an ___ from the anus

the lumbar peduncles are strong and derected

a severe form of spinal bifida is

the most importand derermination in r/o tethered spinal cord is

the tethered spinal cord is usually associated with

the sacrum consists of ___ fused bones

these are resposible for one fourth of the vertebral colum's length

the cascular membrane that closely covers the spinal cord is the

the _____ appears as in unverted U

a transverse projection across the midline from the lowest palpable rib is

a meningocele demonstrates

the neonatal coccyx should not be mistaken for

hemangiomas over the back have a high association with

a cleft spinal cord resulting from failure of the neural tube to close is called

a trasverse projection across the midline from the palpated apex of the iliac crest is often

the bundle of nerve roots that descend nearly vertical from the spinal cord is called the

*the hip bones are the fusion of three separate bones which bone is not included

the femur is surrounded by all except

the largest nerve in the upper thigh is the

the contents of the femoral triangle include all except

the articulation of the head of the femur with the acetabulum of the hip bone forms the

the ligament in the shape of an inverted Y or V passinf from the anterior inferior iliac spine to each end of the inertrochanteric line is the

when one crosses their legd in a sitting posrition which type of muscle group is used

*in the coronal/neurtral view the conographic finding of a frankly dislocated hip is

*in the push and pull maneuver the following is seen in a normal hip in the coronal /neurtal view

*indications for sonography of the neonatal hip include all except

*a normal infant hip has a Graf alpha angle of

*the coronal/neutral view of the subluxed infant hip demonstrated

*this type of hip gives the appearance of a ball on a spoon in the mid -acetabulum in the coronal/flexion view

the femoral head is completely out of the acetabulum describes

*sonography of the infant hip is performed with

the sonographic protocol of the basic hip anatomy is imaged in ____ different views

*a type IV hip has and alpha angle of _____ and a beta angle of ___

the alpha angle is the anlge btwn the ___ and the _____

down and outward pressure is applied with patient lying in a supine position with the hip adducted and flexed 90 degrees

the saphenous vein connects with the femoral vein after passing through the

the anterior thight muscle is also known as the

the main srterial supply for thigh is the

moving sideways outward

physical signs of development of displacement of the hip include all except

with treatment of the hip displacement using the Pavlik harness the hip should position in flexion with adduction and