Comp Science Final

The color for each pixel is stored in a computer's _____ or ______.

RAM is made up of billions of tiny circuits called _____.

____ is called 1 byte.

** 2^n where n is the number of bits**

True color is where the color of each pixel is determined by _____ or _____.

The 3 bytes of true color are?

How many colors are possible with true color?

Two components on the motherboard?

On a personal computer ____ exists as several chips on a single card.

RAM is short for ______.

Is much larger thann VRAM since it is general purpose is STORAGE

Capacity is expressed in terms of ______.

What is the standard storage for RAM?

Is temporary storage?

Purpose of RAM:

RAM is _____.

Another name for computer equipment. If you assemble wires and transistors in such a way that they perform a series of instructions, that function is said to be ____ and cannot be changed.

Visible hardware:

Hidden hardware:

Also called programs; is a series of instructions for the computer.

If there is an error in software it ___ be changed, unlike _____instructions.

Ppl who develop software.

Is the result of rewriting an algorithm using a specific programming language.

Means to start a computer; means to restart a computer.

A high-capacity, persistent peripheral storage device also called a disk or hard drive

Two or more computer systems that can communicate with each other over some communications media.

Can be wired or wireless

Local Area Network...
Wide Area Network...
Aglobal network of Wide Area Networks..

90% of communication on the Internet is _____.

Sending and receiving occur at separate times.

Sending and receiving occur at the SAME time

One sender, many receivers..
One sender, many selected receivers..
One sender, one receiver..

____(your browser) requests a service
____(Web server) provides a service

The ____ can handle many clients in a short period of time.

The address of a computer connected to the Internet (destination address)

Is a series of 4 numbers separated by dots; each of the 4 numbers takes up one byte of memory so an ___ is a 4 byte address

Is a related group of networked computers.

Is a symbolic name for a 4 byte IP address, and thus a particular computer on the Internet

**Domain names are specifict-general**

A domain name reveals a ____.

The purpose of a top level domain name is to indicate:

Each packet is _____

How is a message sent over a LAN?

Is a true broadcast medium

WWW is a subset of the internet.

___ tells which page and where it is on the server.

Which 3 search engines are considered best by UC Berkeley?

**Processors -Intel means processors AND NOT Intel**

Is a software that implements FTP or File Transfer Protocol. (publishing)

Is the simplest way to exchange files on the Internet.

Filezilla--SANDBOX

Are commands to the browser telling it how to display the content of the web page

Is a collection of computer programs that helps us find info on the world wide web

A search engine has 2 basic parts:

Is also calle a "bot" or a "spider"; software that "crawls" around the web looking through web pages, using what it finds to build its search engine's index

Crawler--->index

We interact with the ____. It takes the tokens we enter (called a ___) and looks for them in the index, returning a list of URLs called hits. Do not search the world wide web when you submit a query.

Search engines rank the Web pages they find either through popularity or subject based ranking

The 3 logical operators

The act of discovering why a system does not work properly

Each circuit is more commonly called a ___ or ___

Base of a hexadecimal, binary, decimal

5 properties of Algorithms

A named quantity in a programming language

Looping through a series of statements to repeat them

In searching, a sequence of characters; in programming, a data type for a sequence of characters

A programming statement, usually identified by IF, that optionally executes statements depending on the outcome of a Boolean test

Tells the computer what names to use and begins with lowercase variables, followed by the first of variables separated by commas, terminated with a semicolon; case sensitive, begin with a letter, followed optionally by letters, digits, underscore; undefined when declared.

Assigns a value on the right of "=" to a variable on the left of "="; "=" is read GETS or "is assigned"; Never read "as equal to"

Has an arithmetic expression;
1. contains one or more arithmetic operators
2. evaluates to a number
3. follows order of operations

Contains one or more logical operators

Contains one or more relational operators (==, !=, <,>); evaluates to true or false

+,-, x

Black (0,0) White (1, F)

Occurs when the computer does arithmetic and the answer will not fit where it needs to go.

Means to reduce the number of bits in the file, thereby making it take up less space

_____ is used to do file compression.

A lossy compression technique

Another lossy compression technique

A lossless compression technique

A lossy technique

Names of the three major credit bureaus

"Notations like smilies" used to flag humor or surprise or sadness are called____

"nasty email exchanges in which a few people fight, but carbon copy a group of others are called

Civilized behavior in any of the social settings on the internet

Pirated music files are often shared on ____ file sharing networks, where each computer behaves as a server as well as a client

Malicious code that 0can reproduce itself, delete files, change files, fill up your memory, fill up your disk, capture your keystrokes and send them to another computer a ____ or a _____

From the time a work is created, unless the creation is for pay, the creator automatically owns the _____ on that work in the United States and in most nations of the world

Info that is free to use in any form by anyone

Software for which the actual program instructions are publicly available is known as _____ software. This allows a large number of people to enhance and improve it, the Mozilla open source software lead to the Firefox browser

Software which is free to download initially and copy for handing out to you r friends is called ___. After a trial period if you like this software you are to pay for it. If you don't like it you are to take it off of your computer. It is an honor system.

Is a concept that allows for the limited use of copyrighted material for educational purposes, review or criticism, parody

Malicious software is written by hackers who want to compromise a computer or the info stored on it. Send spam email asking for private info. The email is disguised to look like from a bank or business...

2 threats to our privacy

Give 2 ex of countries that do not have governmental laws in place to enforce OECD principles

Give 2 examples of countries that do have governmental laws in place to enforce OECD principles

The approach the US uses to deal with the way businesses handle private data

A company can't move data from an EU country to US until US meets the OECD principles... so they had to agree and came up with ____which is a US company that follows the rules of the agreement can receive info from the EU

Are most often used to store and perform calculations on numeric data

Is organized like a table, with columns and rows. The intersection of a row and a column is a cell.

Each ____ is identified by a letter, and each ___ by a number. This allows each ___ in the grid to be identified by a letter-number combo like B2

Three things might go into a spreadsheet cell:

For the content of a cell you can specify

Means that this cell contains a function rather than data

Means the function being performed is addition

Is used for inserting common Excel functions

An organized collection of related info, used primarily to maintain and look up that info

The most common type of database; data is organized into tables that have rows and columns. collection of one or more tables

Rows=tuples

columns=fields

a relational database ___can be empty

Two tables with the same rows and columns, but in a different order are the ___

Every ___ of a database table must be unique in some way

The ____ for which all rows for the data base table are unique is the ____ of the table

Attribute data i s___

The value of a ___ can not be subdivided into several smaller parts; the date attribute is a classic exception

The collection of all table definitions for a database

Each table definition includes:

Is made up of all the physical tables; NO REDUNDANCY

Made up of all of the logical tables

Is created as the result of a ___

Is an operation on one or more database tables that pulls info from the database

For complex queries, go beyond drag and drop with ____

show the relationships between the physical tables in the physical database

Steps to create each query...