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voters choose the party's candidate in this election
primary
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voters choose which candidate will win the office being sought in this election
general
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a meeting of the party members held to select delegates to the national convention
caucus
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What are four characteristics of defining a political party?
- they run candidates under their own label, or affiliation
- they seek to govern
- they have broad concerns, focused on many issues
- they are quasi-public organizations that have a special relationship with the government
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How are Republicans today different from the traditional Republicans?
- Traditional Republicans advocated smaller governmental role in social welfare
- Republicans today advocate stronger governmnent with traditional moral values
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the situation that exists when Congress is controlled by one party and the presidency by the other
divided government
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a shift in party allegiances or electoral support
realignment
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the practice od rewarding political supporters with jobs
spoils system
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system in which a party leader rewarded political supporters with jobs or governmental
patronage
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a group of like-minded individuals for the purpose of promoting an issue
interest group
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What all do campaigns do?
- promote their issues
- raise money
- recruit canadiates
- develop the issues
- conduct the primary
- turnout on Election Day
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the situation in which fewer voters support the two major political parties, instead identifying themselves as independent, or splitting their ticket between canididates from more than one party
dealignment
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voting on a constitutional amendment, local sales tax, basically on an issue; none in Georgia
referendum
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a issue generated by the citizens; none in Georgia
initative
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What determines newsworthiness?
framing & agenda-setting
-
Discuss the Fairness Doctorine.
- passed in the 1960's to get news to cover both sides of news
- Reagan repealed it , fueling the talk radio circuit
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The largest newspaper in circulation
Wall Street Journal
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a phenomeonon that helps incumbents; if you have to choose between a familiar but unpleasant situation and an unfamiliar situation, choose the familiar one because the unfamiliar situation may turn out to be worse
risk aversion
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the phenomenon where candidates running for a lower-level office such as city council benefit in an election from the popularity of a top-of-ticket nominee
coattail effect
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the ides that Internet traffic should flow without interference or discrimination by those who own or run the Internet pipeline
web neutrality
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the practice of aiming media content at specific segments of the public
narrowcasting
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the determination of what will go on the news for your certain time slot, showing bias
newsworthiness
-
What is the difference between media and journalism?
- A journalist engages in newsgathering and subsequently newsreporting for financial gain
- the media entertains us
-
what is the difference between a political party and an interest group?
- A political party is an organization of ideologically similar people that nominates and elects its members to office
- An interest group works to promote an issue and can become a political party
-
What are the fundamental aspects of civic engagement?
- elections
- campaigning
- voting
-
What are the fundamental aspects of political participation?
- voting
- volunteering for campaigns
- running for office
-
Why have levels of political participation decreased?
because the levels of social capital have decreased
-
The day in early March where the most primaries are held; many in the South
Super Tuesday
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Describe how a runoff works.
If no candidate receives more than 50% of a vote, then several of the top vote-getters run in another subsewuent election
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Citizens can directly decide on policy questions how?
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proposed by the state legislature; state bond issues, state constitutional amendments, etc.
referendum
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citizen-sponsored; typically propelled to public vote through efforts of citizens and interest groups
initative
-
How does a proposition work and what is it?
An initative where 10% of voters from the previous election must sign a petition for the proposition to be placed on the ballot
-
a ballot that organizes candidates by political party
party-column ballot
-
a ballot that arranges all candidates for a particular office under the name of that office
office-block ballot
-
What are some of the drawbacks of voting by mail?
- people do not consider all the facts of the candidates before they cast their ballot
- increases the chances of voter fraud
- eliminates privacy
- undermines feelings of civic engagement by eliminating a source of psychological rewards of voters
-
What are reasons to run for a political office?
- sense of responsibility
- sense of party loyalty
- personal goals
- interest in increasing candidates name recognition (often for business reasons)
-
What are the most important factors when considering voter turnout?
- education
- age
- race
- income
- party competiveness
-
What are the main functions of the media?
- provide political information
- help us interpret events and policies and are influential in setting the national policy agenda
- provide a forum for political conversations
- socialize children to the political culture
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the process by which the media set a context that helps consumers understand important events and matters of shared interest
framing
-
the public issues that must demand the attention of government officials
public agenda
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bringing certain policies on issues to the public agenda through media coverage
priming
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irresponsible, sensationalist approach to news reporting
yellow journalism
-
criticism and exposes of corruption in government and industry by journalists at the turn of the 20th century
muckraking
-
What was the first electronic medium and who was the first president to make use of it?
Radio; Franklin D. Roosevelt
-
the sharing of viewpoints and the articulation of personal positions on public issues
civic discourse
-
the breaking down of the media according to the specific audiences they target (ex. BET, Spike TV, HGTV, etc.)
media segmentation
-
one who simultaneously consume info and news and produce information in forms like video, blogs, and websites
prosumer
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