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Phase 6: Two Daughter Cells Form
-called cytokinesis
-the division of cytoplasm in the cell
-the membrane surrounding the cell begins to move inward until the cytoplasm is pinched into two nearly equal parts
-each part contains a nucleus with identical chromosomes
-the cell membrane forms and two new daughter cells are produced
-in plant cells, a cell wall forms
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Phase 5: Two New Nuclei Form
-called telophase
-chromosomes begin to uncoil and lose their rodlike appearance
-the chromosomes again become the chromatid and a nuclear membrane forms around the chromatin at each end of the cell
-in each nucleus a nucleolus reappears
-the process of mitosis is now complete
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Phase 4: Chromosomes Begin to Separate
-called endophase (SP?)
-one chromatid moves to one end of the cell along the spindle
-the other chromatid goes the other direction
-the chromatids are again called chromosomes
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Phase 3: Chromosomes Attach to the Spindle
-called metaphase
-chromosome attach to the spindle (the "bridge")
-chromosomes are attached to the spindle by the centromere, which connects each chromatid to its identical sister
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Phase 2: Mitosis Begins
-called prophase
-the process of cell division is now called mitosis
-prophase (mitosis) is the process in which the nucleus of a cell divides
-the threadlike chromatin in the nucleus begin to shorten and form rodlike chromosomes
-two centrioles (only in animal cells) begin to move to opposite sides of the cell
-a mesh-like spindle begins to develop between the two centrioles forming a "bridge" between opposite ends of the cell
-the nuclear membrane begins to breakdown, and the nucleolus disappears
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Phase 1: Chromosomes Are Copied
-Called Interphase
-the cell is preforming its life functions, but isn't actually dividing
-chromosomes would appear in threadlike coils called chromatin
-in animal cells, two structured called centrioles can be seen outside the nucleus, they play a part in cell division
-plant cells don't have centrioles
-chromosomes duplicate (numbers are doubled)
-each chromosome is attached at an area called the centremere
-the sister chromosomes are now called chromatids
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Cell Division
-During cell division one cell divides into to new cells
-Each new cell, called a daughter cell, is identical to the other daughter and parent cell
-Cell division occurs in a series of stages, or phases
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Limits On Cell Growth
- At some point the cell membrane would not be able to handle the flow of materials passing through it
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