A cervical spinal cord transection to the C1 to C3 area will lead to
apnea
the respiratory centers are relatively protected from
direct injury
useful tool in quantifying the degree of muscle weakness and identifying trends in the course of a neuromuscular disease.
mip or nif
An injury to C3 to C5 will most likely cause paralysis to the
diaphragm.
In normal neurologic function, nerve endings, when stimulated, releases
acetylcholine into the neuromuscular junction.
Myasthenia gravis is an example of a neuromuscular disease caused by a
disruption of the chemical transmission of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.
The thymus gland is almost always abnormal in
Myasthenia gravis.
a treatment modality that may be used in treatment of both Myasthenia gravis AND Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Plasmapheresis
used as a diagnostic tool in Myasthenia gravis.
Tensilon test
example of a neuromuscular disease caused by acute, inflammatory polyneuritis of the peripheral motor neurons, which may involve the respiratory muscles.
Guillain-Barré syndrome
The components of normal neuromuscular function in breathing includes
Respiratory centers
Respiratory muscles
Chemoreceptors
Peripheral nerves
Which of the following is categorized as muscles of inspiration?
Scalene muscles
Diaphragm
Sternocleidomastoid muscles
Which of the following is categorized as muscles of expiration?
Internal intercostal muscles
Exacerbation of symptoms that result in respiratory impairment
Myasthenic crisis
common treatment modalities for Guillain-Barré
Supportive care
Immunoglobulin infusion
Plasmapheresis
commonly used as diagnostic tools for Myasthenia gravis
Electromyography
Tensilon test
CT and/or MRI scans
examples of cholinesterase inhibitors?
Neostigmine
Mestinon
Edrophonium chloride
Clinical signs of Myasthenia gravis
Diplopia
Weakness progressing in a descending pattern
Impaired speech
Pulmonary function testing in Myasthenia gravis and Guillain-Barré syndrome frequently demonstrate
Decrease in volumes and expiratory flows
Neuromuscular disease can cause
Atelectasis
Alveolar consolidation
Mucus accumulation
Arterial blood gases in Guillain-Barré syndrome most frequently demonstrate