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What do the coronary arteries do?
Supply the heart with blood enriched oxygen
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Angina
Chest pain, no damage
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Myocardial Infarction
Heart attack, some heart muscle dies
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Silent Ischemia
Inadequate blood flow to the heart but no pain
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What is the difference between a common stroke & a hemorrhagic stroke?
- Common strokes are caused by blockage of an artery
- Hemorrhagic strokes are caused by the busting of an artery in the brain
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Psychosocial risk factors
- stress
- hostility and anger
- social networks & social support
- gender
- race
- depression
- reliousness
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Effects of SAM-Fight or flight response
- BP changes
- Coronary arteries tear, stretch, twist
- Can produce arrhythmia
- Stored fat is released & may be deposited in arteries
- Blood clots more easily & may cause heart attack
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Why are traditional risk factors inadequate?
They only account for 50% of cases
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What was done in the Tax Accountant Study?
What were the results?
- Study:
- Accountants followed for months
- Measures were serum cholesterol, how easily blood clotted, & diet
- Results:
- No change in diet
- Job stress caused blood cholesterol to increase & blood to clot more easily
- Effects would not have been detected by traditional risk factors
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TYPE A pattern behavior
- Achievement-striving
- Impatience
- Competitiveness
- Hostility (most important)
- Vigorous speech/motor behavior
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What is the model/pathway of Type A behavior?
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How does hostility lead to coronary disease?
- Hostility is associated with traditional risk factors
- Hostile individuals experience more stress, have less social support
- Hostile individuals show strong physiologic response to stressors
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