social studies terms

ruler of Akkad conquered neighboring city - states of sumer

The king of Babylon, took control of mesopotamia, created the hammurabi code

to write down laws

section of law that dealt with private rights and matter ex businnes contracts, properties, taxes and marriage

section of law that dealt with offenses against others

second king of babylon rebuilt the place

fertile area in the middle east where mesopotamia and sumer were located

first civilization, math and science, the wheel, calendar, buildings - ziggurats etc., number system based on 60

wedge shaped script sumerian form of writing

temple shaped like a pyramid but with different levels

the oldest written story

first written set of laws based on an eye for an eye

the land between two rivers

Ur Uruk Eridu

cylinder seal, cuneiform, pictographs

trade

used to represent gods some were bald to protect from lice, hands clasped = immortal

water rapids stopped people from using the river for transporation and attacking

end of the river where it split forming marsh land

family of rulers

leader

different levels of government

highest official serving the king or pharoah

the female pharoah

ahmose brings back egyptian rule

pharoahs - thutmoses III, Hatshepsut ,Amenhotep, tutankamen, Ramses II, Ramses III

• capital is at thebees
• ruled by invading hyskos

• age of pyramids capital is at memphis
• Narmer(Mense) unified egypt
• eventual decline

rich soil and irrigation(water)

weighed the heart they produced mummies and buried them in tombs

god of death

• tombs for the great pharoahs
• took 20 years to build
• very precise

ancient egyptian form of writing

exchanged one good for another

goods are paid for by a token of an agreed amount

the persian thinker

a territory settled and ruled by people from another land

a writing system in which each symbol represents a single basic sound such as a consonant or vowel

a region in the fertile crescent meaning between the rivers

the world's first civilization in a region in Sumer

• system of ranking groups
• 

the 1st black pharoah

a west african language

a grassy plain

first five books of the old testament

an agreement

founded the persian empire

built the royal road

a persian prophet

The god of good and the god of evil in zoroastrianism

the main city in Phoenicia

governor

the growing of deserts

the spreading of the jewish people

united the twelve tribes of Israel

land projecting out from a continent

a raised area of flat land

seasonal winds blowing part of the year summer ones bring water and winter ones bring cold dry air

the 2 main cities in the Indus Valley Civilization

a special regard for cattle

a collection of religious techniques

the chief of aryan tribes

the chief aryan diety

a single spiritual power

people who seek direct communication with divine forces

the blending of cultures

spoken language

creator, preserver, and destroyer indian gods

lent money, farmed, traded, and took care of land

• brahman and kshatriyas - priests warriors and rulers
• vaisyas - common people merchants, artisans, and farmers
• sudras - unskilled laborers
• pariahs - slaves, people who perform unclean tasks(untouchables)

the essential self

a uniun with brahma

rebirth of a soul in another form

what you do in your life affects your next life

religious + moral duties of a person

non violence

social groups into which people are born and can not be changed only rarely

a reformer

• all life is sorrow
• the cause of sorrow is desire
• we can stop our sorrow by stopping desire
• the way to do this is the 8fold path

• right knowledge
• right mindfulness
• right intentions
• right speech
• right behavior
• right meditations
• right effort
• right livelihood

the final goal - to no longer be reincarnated

2 sects of Buddhism/groups

philosophical texts of the Hindus

forged the first Indian empire

ideas opposing the governments

the most honored maurya emperor

people sent on a religious misson

period of great cultural achievement

developed by Indians based on 10 digits

parents, children, and their offspring all share a common dwelling

payment to the groom and finances the wedding

fine windblown yellow soil

a group of families who claim a common ancestor

rise and fall of dynasties

was a system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and other forms of support to their ruler

thinkers who put forth ideas on how to restore order and maintain harmony with nature

created daoism main philosophy was yin yang

• system of ideas
• does not talk about the gods

• respect for parents
• confucious valued this

• bones or turtle shells were priests wrote questions for the gods
• later on used to tell the future

written symbol

en elegant art form of writing

the first chinese emperor in 221 B.C.

most famous Han emperor took China to new heights 141 B.C. to 87 B.C.

• the complete control of a product or businnes by one person or group
• There was a monopoly of silk
• the government had a monopoly of Iron and Salt

expanding a countries territory

officials in the government

Local Military Rulers

medical treatment with needles