-
atrial naturietic peptide (ANP)
controls BP in the kidneys
-
gastrin
- controls stomach emptying
- produces gastric juice
-
cholesystokinin (CCK)
releases bile and pancreatic juice
-
secretin and gastic inhibitory peptide (GIP)
slows down stomach emptying
-
erythropoietin
produces RBCs
-
calcitrol
regulates calcium levels
-
testosterone
- produces sperm
- controls sex drive
- develops secondary sex characteristics
-
estrogen
- develops secondary sex characteristics
- regulates ovulation and menstruation
- maintains pregnancy
-
progesterone
prepares uterus for implantation of ovum
-
relaxin
relaxes symphysis pubis before delivery
-
inhibin
slows production of FSH
-
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
indicates pregnancy
-
human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS)
gives sugar to the fetus
-
growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)
releases growth hormone
-
prolactin releasing hormone (PRH)
releases prolactin
-
gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
releases follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone (gonadotropins)
-
thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)
releases thyroid stimulating hormone
-
corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)
releases adrenocorticotropic hormone and melanocyte stimulating hormone
-
growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH)
inhibits growth hormone
-
dopamine
inhibits prolactin and melanocyte stimulating hormone
-
melatonin
- alters reproductive activities
- seasonal affective disorder and jet lag
- production inhibited by exposure to sunlight
-
human growth hormone (hGH)
- aka somatotropin
- increases blood glucose by inhibiting glucose catabolism and stimulating fat catabolism
- stimulates protein synthesis and inhibits protein catabolism
- stimulates growth of muscles, bones, tissues
-
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
releases thyroid hormones
-
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
releases adrenal cortex hormones
-
follicle stimulating hormones (FSH)
- stimulates sperm production
- stimulates follicular development and estrogen production in ovaries
-
luteinizing hormone (LH)
- stimulates secretion of testosterone
- stimulates estrogen production and ovulation
- stimulates secretion of progesterone by corpus luteum
-
prolactin
stimulates milk production by the mammary glands
-
melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)
- stimulates melanin production
- inhibited by dopamine
-
oxytocin
stimulation uterine contraction and milk ejection
-
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- causes reabsorption of water from renal tubules (increases BP, decreases urine output)
- constricts arterioles (increases BP)
-
triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)
increase metabolic rate, cardiac output, growth
-
calcitonin
- decreases calcium ion levels in the blood
- accelerates calcium reabsorption in bones (inhibits osteoclasts)
-
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
- produced by principal cells
- increases blood calcium levels (increases osteoclast activity)
- increases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys
- decreases blood phosphate levels
-
glucagon
- secreted by alpha cells
- increases blood glucose levels
-
insulin
- secreted by beta cells
- decreases blood glucose levels
-
growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH)
- secreted by delta cells
- inhibits insulin, glucagon, hGH
-
pancreatic polypeptide
- secreted by F cells
- regulates release of pancreatic enzymes
- allows absorption in small intesting
-
thymosin
thymic humoral factor
thymic factor
thymopoietin
control T cell maturation and selection
-
mineralcorticoids
control water and electrolyte balance
-
aldosterone
- mineralcorticoid
- increases Na+ and water reabsorption in kidnye
- increases K+ in kidney
-
glucocorticoids
regulate metabolism and response to stress
-
cortisol
- glucocorticoid
- increases nutrient levels in blood
- reduces stress
- reduces inflammation
-
gonadocorticoids
- androgens and estrogens
- post-menopause
-
norepinephrine
epinephrine
mimic sympathetic nervous system effects
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