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What % of women participate in work force?
59%
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What % of the work force is comprised of foreign-born workers?
15%
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T/F The % of minority workers has remained the same
False, it is increasing
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What are the 2 upsides to diversity?
- 1. Can have a positive effect on performance under the right conditions
- 2. it's the "right thing to do" (EEO)
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What are the conditions in which diversity has a positive effect on performance? (3)
- 1. Supportive culture
- 2. when diversity is viewed as an opportunity rather than an obligation
- 3. When diversity exists throughout all levels of the org.
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What are the downsides to diversity? (2)
- 1. Working with dissimilar others can reduce job satisfaction and lead to turnover
- 2. Differences in perception may lead to differential treatment- discrimination.
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Define Perception.
process of receiving info and making sense of the world around us.
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T/F- we are both efficient and accurate perceivers
False- we are efficient, but not necessarily accurate
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Define Selective Attention
Filtering relevant information
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Define Judgments
Evaluations of someone's character, personality, potential for success or potential to cause us harm etc. and are subject to bias and errors
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Define: Primacy/Recency
You tend to remember the very first things better and then the very last, but the middle not so much
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Define: Halo/Horn Bias
- We observe a few good traits, a few decisions,
- and think that all traits and decisions must be good (same with bad)
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Define: Attirbution Bias
Tendency to overestimate the role of the person and underestimate the role of the situation
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When is Internal attribution more likely regarding consistency, distinctiveness and consensus?
- Consistency ^
- Distinctiveness \/
- Consensus \/
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Define Stereotyping.
assigning characteristics of a group to every individual in that group.
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Define: Social Identity Theory
We put ourselves and others into categories, ingroups vs. outgroups
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Problems with stereotyping (2)
- 1. people ignore stereotype inconsistent info
- 2. prejudice and discrimination
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Define: cognitive resource capacity
Too much effort to label all individuals uniquely; it simplifies cognitive processes
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What are the two types of discrimination under the law?
- 1. Disparate Treatement
- 2. Disparate Impact
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Define: Disparate Treatment
Intended to treat people differently based on group membership
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What are the 4 Points of the McDonnell Douglas Test?
- 1. Person belongs to a protected group
- 2. Person applied for and was qualified for the
- job
- 3. Person was rejected despite qualifications
- 4. Employer either kept seeking or hired someone
- with similar qualifications
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In Disparate Treatment cases, whta is the defendant's rebuttal?
bona fide occupational qualificaition (BFOQ)
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Define: Disparate Impact
'facially neutral' employment practice adversely affects different groups
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How many charges of sex discrimination were filed in 2009?
- 12,696
- --1382 resulted in settlement
- --16% filed by men
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Define: Sexual Harassment
- “Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual
- favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature constitute
- sexual harassment when this conduct explicitly or implicitly affects an
- individual’s employment, unreasonably interferes with an individual’s work
- performance, or creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment.”
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What are the two types of Sexual harassment?
- 1. Quid Pro Quo
- 2. Hostile Working Environment
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Define Quid Pro Quo sexual harassment
A benefit or punishment that is contingent upon employee submitting to sexual advances
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Define: Hostile Working Environment
Behavior makes it difficult for someone of a particular se to work. (i.e. Suggestive remarks, explicit language, jokes and innuendoes)
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Define: Reasonable person standard
- single instance of flirtation or vulgar joke not likely to be harassment (seinfeld)
- and Importance of context, (Friends script writing)
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4 Important trial developments regarding sexual harassment
- *Can be “contra-power”
- *Can occur between members of the same sex
- *Can occur in the absence of a sexual
- desire on the part of the harasser
- *Whether acts are “voluntary” on the part of the
- victim is irrelevant – the correct question is whether the acts were “unwelcome”
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