-
Macule
 - Lesion ≤ 1cm
- ex. Petechiae, freckle
-
Patch
 - Lesion > 1 cm
- ex. Vitiligo
-
Papule
 - Mass ≤ 0.5 cm
- ex. mole
-
Plaque
 - Mass > 5 cm
- ex. coalesced papules
-
Nodule
- Mass 0.5 - 2 cm
- firmer than papule
- ex. wart
-
-
Wheal
- irregular, superficial area of localized skin edema
- ex. hives, mosquito bite
-
Vesicle
- Filled with serous fluid ≤ 0.5 cm
- ex. Herpes simplex
-
Bulla
- Filled with serous fluid >0.5 cm
- ex. 2nd degree burn
-
Pustule
- Filled with pus
- ex. acne, impetigo
-
Erosion
- loss of superficial epidermis, moist, nonbleeding surface
- ex: moist area after rupture of a vesicle (as in chickenpox)
-
Ulcer
- loss of epidermis and dermis, may bleed and scar
- ex: stasis ulcer
-
Fissure
deep linear crack, extends into dermis
-
Crust
- dried residue of serum, pus, or blood
- ex. impetigo
-
Scale
- thin flake of exfoliated dermis
- ex: dandruff, dry skin
-
Lichenification
- thickened and roughened epidermis, with increased visibility of skin furrows
- ex: atrophic dermatitis
-
Atrophy
- thinning of the skin, loss of skin furrows, shiny appearance
- ex: peripheral vascular disease
-
Excoriation
scratch of the epidermis
-
Scar
fibrous tissue replaces tissue in the dermis or subcutaneous layer
-
Keloid
hypertrophied scar
-
Comedo
- plugged opening of a subaceous gland, a hallmark of acne
- ex: common blackhead
-
Telangiectasia
- small, dilated, red or bluish surface of vessels
- may be part of a basal cell carcinoma or skin injury from radiation
-
Nevus
- flat to slightly elevated, round, evenly pigmented
- ex: common mole
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