this is rediculous

Calculates the nursing care requirements for individual patients based on severity of illness, specialized equipment and technology needed, and intensity of nursing interventions; determines the amount of daily nursing care needed for each patient in a nursing unit.

• Provides the backbone structure for the other types of clinical and business systems (Hassett & Thede, 2003); it contains the
• groundwork for the other types of healthcare information systems since it
• includes the patient’s name, medical record number, visit or account number and
• demographic information such as age, sex, home address and contact information;
• they are the central source for collecting this type of patient information and
• communicating it to the other types of healthcare information systems including
• clinical and business

• - Quality or characteristic;
• field or element of an entity in a database.

• A set of guidelines that
• outline the course of treatment and the recommended interventions that will
• achieve optimal results .

• An information system, or group of components that interact to produce
• information, "designed to facilitate the practice of case management by supporting the information needs of case managers"

• - Array or collection of applications and functionality; amalgamation of systems, medical equipment, and technologies working together that are committed or dedicated to collecting, storing and manipulating healthcare data and information and providing secure
• access to inter-disciplinary clinicians navigating the continuum of cient care; designed to collect
• patient data in real time to enhance care by providing data at the clinician's
• fingertips and enabling decision making where it needs to occur, at the
• bedside; also known as clinical information systems (CIS).

• - Array or collection of applications and functionality; amalgamation of systems, medical equipment, and technologies working together that are committed or dedicated to
• collecting, storing and manipulating healthcare data and information and providing secure access to
• inter-disciplinary clinicians navigating the continuum of cient care; designed to
• collect patient data in real time
• to enhance care by providing data at the clinician's fingertips and enabling
• decision making where it needs to occur, at the bedside; also known as clinical
• documentation systems.

• The sharing of ideas and experiences for the purposes of mutual understanding and
• learning.

- Field or attribute of an entity in a database.

• Collection
• of individual communications networks and transmission systems; in healthcare,
• it includes call light systems, wireless phones, pagers, email, instant messaging and any
• other devices or networks that clinicians use to communicate with patients,
• families, other professionals, internal and external resources

• - A system that automates the
• way that orders have traditionally been initiated for patients.
• Clinicians place orders within these systems instead of traditional handwritten
• transcription onto paper; provide major safeguards by ensuring that physician
• orders are legible and complete thereby providing a level of patient safety
• that was historically missing with paper-based orders. These systems
• provide decision support and automated alert functionality that was previously
• unavailable with paper-based orders.

• - Enhance administrative
• tasks within healthcare organizations.
• Unlike clinical information systems whose aim is to provide direct
• patient care, these systems support the management of healthcare within an
• organization. Core business systems provide the framework for reimbursement,
• support of best practices, quality control, and resource allocation. There are
• four common core business systems:
• 1) admission, discharge and transfer (ADT), 2) financial, 3) acuity, and
• 4) scheduling systems.

• a collection of related records stored in a computer system using software that
• permits a person or program to query the data in order to extract needed
• information; consist of one or more related data files or tables; “1. A file
• created by a database manager that contains a collection of information. The
• basic database contains fields, records, and files: a field is a single piece
• of information; a record is one complete set of fields; and a file is a
• collection of records. 2. A collection of stored data typically organized into
• fields, records, and files and associated descriptions

• - database software that
• allows the database to be accessed; “1. A program that lets one or more
• computer users create and access data into a database. 2. “A set of programs
• used to define, administer, store, modify, process, and extract information
• from a database

• Contains a listing of the tables and their details including field names, validation
• settings and data types.

• - A collection of related
• records.

• Collection
• of data focusing on a specific topic or organizational unit or department
• created to facilitate management personnel making strategic business decisions;
• could be as small as one database or larger such as a compilation of databases;
• generally smaller than a data warehouse

• - Software that sorts through
• data in order to discover patterns and ascertain or establish relationships;
• software that discovers or uncovers previously unidentified relationships among
• the data in a database; program that conducts exploratory analysis looking for
• hidden patterns in data.

• An
• extremely large database or repository that stores all of an organization’s or
• institution’s data and makes this data available for data mining; combination
• of an institution’s many different databases that provides management personnel
• flexible access to the data.

• A single recommendation or
• series of recommendations implying next steps based on care protocols; the
• computer reminders and alerts to improve the diagnosis and care of a patient
• including screening for correct drug selection and dosing, medication interactions
• with other medications, preventive health reminders in areas such as
• vaccinations, health risk screening and detection and clinical guidelines for
• patient disease treatment (IOM, 2003).

• Means the user can view data warehouse information by drilling down to lower levels
• of the database to focus on information that is pertinent to her/his needs at
• the moment.

• - A data warehouse or
• repository of information regarding the health status of a client, replacing
• the former paper-based medical record; it is the systematic documentation of a
• client’s health status and healthcare in a secured digital format, meaning that
• it can be processed, stored, transmitted and accessed by authorized
• interdisciplinary professionals for the purpose of supporting efficient, high
• quality healthcare across the client’s healthcare continuum; (also known as an
• Electronic Medical Record): An electronic health or medical record is a
• computer-based patient medical record that can be used to collect and look up
• patient data by physicians or health professionals at various locations such as
• doctor’s offices or hospitals. The record includes information such as
• patient problems, medications, allergies, laboratory results, etc.

• - Represents a table and each
• field within the table becomes an attribute of that entity. The database
• developer must critically think about the attributes for each specific entity.
• For example, the entity disease might have the attributes of “chronic disease”,
• “acute disease”, or “communicable disease”. The name of the entity “disease”,
• would imply that the entity is about diseases. The fields or attributes would
• be chronic, acute or communicable.

• - Specifies the relationship
• among the entities in the database. Sometimes the implied relationships are
• apparent based on the entities’ definitions however all relationships should be
• specified as to how they relate to one another. There are typically three relationships, one to one, one to
• many and many to many. An example of a one to one relationship would exist
• between the entities of the table about Patient and the table about the Patient’s
• Birth. The one to many relationship could exist when one entity is repeatedly
• used by another entity. The one to many could then be a table query for age
• that could be used numerous time for one patient entity. The many to many would
• reflect entities that are both used repeatedly by other entities. This is
• easily explained by the entities of Patient and Nurse. The patient could have
• several nurses caring for her/him and the nurse could have many patients
• assigned to her/him.

• - Column or attribute of an
• entity in a database.

• - Manage the expenses and
• revenue for providing healthcare. The finance, auditing, and accounting
• departments within an organization most commonly use financial systems.
• These systems determine the direction for maintenance and growth for a given
• facility. Financial systems often interface to share information with
• materials management, staffing, and billing systems to balance the financial
• impact of these resources within an organization. These systems report
• the fiscal outcomes in order to track them against the organizational goals of
• an institution. Financial systems are one of the major decision-making
• factors as healthcare institutions prepare their fiscal budgets. These
• systems often play a pivotal role in determining the strategic direction for an
• organization.

• –
• A group
• of components that interact to produce information; the manual and/or automated
• components of a system of users or people, recorded data and actions used to
• process the data into information for a user, group of users or an
• organization.

• Use of hardware, software, services, and supporting infrastructure to manage and
• deliver information using voice, data, and video or the use of technologies
• from computing, electronics, and telecommunications to process and distribute
• information in digital and other forms; anything related to computing
• technology, such as networking, hardware, software, the Internet, or the people
• that work with these technologies. Many hospitals have IT departments for
• managing the computers, networks, and other technical areas of the healthcare
• industry.

• Within
• each record, one of the fields is identified as the primary key or key field.
• This primary key contains a code, name, number, or other bit of information
• acts as a unique identifier for that record. In your healthcare system, for
• example, your patient is assigned a patient number or ID that is unique for
• that patient. As you compile related records, you create data files or tables.
• A data file is a collection of related records.

• - The product of
• collaboration when sharing an understanding of information promotes learning to
• make better decisions in the future.

• Report on blood, body fluid and tissue samples along with biological specimens that
• are collected at the bedside and received in a central laboratory. These
• systems provide clinicians with reference ranges for tests indicating high, low
• or normal values in order to make care decisions. Often the laboratory system
• provides result information directing clinicians towards the next course of
• action within a treatment regime.

• A system that automates the
• way that orders have traditionally been initiated for patients.
• Clinicians place orders within these systems instead of traditional handwritten
• transcription onto paper; provide major safeguards by ensuring that physician
• orders are legible and complete thereby providing a level of patient safety
• that was historically missing with paper-based orders. These systems
• provide decision support and automated alert functionality that was previously
• unavailable with paper-based orders.

• - Patient-centered
• information systems focused on collecting data and disseminating information
• related to direct care. Several of these systems have become mainstream
• types of systems used in healthcare. The four systems most commonly found
• include 1) clinical documentation systems, 2) pharmacy information systems, 3)
• laboratory information systems and 4) radiology information systems.

• System
• of components that make up each of the specialty disciplines within healthcare
• and their associated patient care information systems. The four systems most
• commonly found include 1) clinical documentation systems, 2) pharmacy
• information systems, 3) laboratory information systems and 4) radiology
• information systems

• Change from a focus on
• illness/healthcare professional to a focus on the patient/person with patients
• becoming active participants in their own healthcare initiatives; patients as
• active participants receive services designed to meet their individual needs
• and preferences, under the guidance and counsel of their healthcare
• professionals; data, observations, interventions and outcomes focused on direct
• patient care.

• Information
• systems that facilitate the ordering, managing and dispensing of medications
• for a facility. They also commonly incorporate allergies and height and
• weight information for effective medication management; streamline the order
• entry, dispensing, verification and authorization process for medication
• administration while they often interface with clinical documentation and order
• entry systems so that clinicians can order and document the administration of
• medications and prescriptions to patients while having the benefits of decision
• support alerting and interaction checking

• Systems
• that are designed to collect, store and distribute medical images such as
• computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-rays;
• replace traditional hard copy films with digital media that is easy to store,
• retrieve and present to clinicians. These systems may also be stand-alone
• systems, separate from the main radiology system, or they can be integrated
• with radiology information systems (RIS) and computer information systems
• (CIS). The benefit of RIS and PACS systems is their ability to assist in
• diagnosing and storing vital patient care support data.

• - Within each record, one of
• the fields is identified as the primary key or key field. This primary key
• contains a code, name, number, or other bit of information acts as a unique
• identifier for that record. In your healthcare system, for example, your patient
• is assigned a patient number or ID that is unique for that patient. As you
• compile related records, you create data files or tables. A data file is a
• collection of related records

• - information systems
• designed to schedule, result, and store information as it relates to diagnostic
• radiology procedures. One common feature found in most radiology systems
• is a Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). These systems may
• also be stand-alone systems, separate from the main radiology system, or they
• can be integrated with RIS and computer information systems (CIS). These
• systems collect, store and distribute medical images such as computed
• tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-rays. PACS
• replace traditional hard copy films with digital media that is easy to store,
• retrieve and present to clinicians. The benefit of RIS and PACS systems is
• their ability to assist in diagnosing and storing vital patient care support
• data

• -
• Is a system that manages
• data using the relational model. A relational database could link a Patient’s table to a
• Treatment table for example by a common field such as the Patient ID number. In
• order to keep track of the tables that comprise a database, the database management systems
• (DBMS) uses software called a data dictionary.

• - Central place where data
• are collected, stored and maintained; central location for multiple databases
• or files that can be distributed over a network or directly accessible to the
• user; location for files and databases so the data that can be reused, analyzed,
• explored or repurposed.

• - An individual or group with
• the responsibility for completing a project, influencing the overall design,
• and is most impacted by success or failure of the system implementation.

• Examination
• of the nature of a task by breaking it down into its component parts and
• identifying the performers’ thought processes.

• -A technique used to
• evaluate a computer interface or a software program by breaking down and
• explaining the steps that a user will take to accomplish a task.

• -
• A multi-faceted analytic procedure developed specifically for the analysis of
• complex, high technology work domains.

• -
• In the United States, this term is used to describe the physical
• characteristics of equipment, for example, the optimal fit of a scissors to a
• human hand. In Europe, the term is synonymous with Human Factors. It is
• the interaction of humans with physical attributes of equipment or the
• interaction of humans and the arrangement of equipment in the work
• environment .

• The
• gap between knowing your intention (goal) and knowing the effects of your
• actions.

• The
• gap between knowing what you want to have happen (the goal) and knowing what to
• do to bring it about (the means to achieve the goal).

• -
• An evaluation in which a small number of evaluators (often experts in relevant
• fields such as human factors or cognitive engineering) evaluate the degree to
• which the interface design complies with recognized usability principles (the
• “heuristics”).

• -
• The processes, dialogues and actions that a user employs to interact with a
• computer; also the study of interaction between people (users) and computers (Wikipedia, 8/1/07); deals with
• people, software applications, computer technology and the ways they influence
• each other.

• The
• hardware and software through which the user interacts with the computer.

• -
• How users interact with technology; also the study of that interaction.

• The
• hardware and software through which the user interacts with any technology
• (e.g., computers, patient monitors, telephone, etc.).

• Analytic
• technique that focuses on how a task must be accomplished, including detailed
• descriptions of task-related activities, task characteristics and complexity,
• and the environmental conditions required for a person to perform a given task.

• —Used to analyze
• patient outcomes, practice patterns, and emergence of new diseases or health
• threats

• —No manual/paper
• counterpart

• —Output – alert or
• clinical reminder

¡Clinical care

¡Clinical research

¡Retrospective studies

¡Administrative uses

• - Acquire
• or capture data from sources for the purpose of transmitting such data, as in telehealth. Some telehealth devices capture both objective data and through
• the use of interactive self reporting devices also capture subjective
• information on how a patient “feels”.

• Devices
• used in home telehealth can include any item with
• a digital readout. Generally
• this equipment is “self administrated” by the patient or family caregiver. Examples of the most commonly used
• peripheral devices include: Weight Scale, Blood Pressure Monitor, Pulse Oximeter, Thermometer, Glucometer, Spirometer, Prothrombin Meters(PT/INR), Digital Camera (to
• capture images of wounds), PDA based or telephonic self reporting devices.
• Specialty equipment used in managing cardiac, respiratory, transplant and
• bariatric patients are commonly used as well. While live video has long been available, use of interactive
• visual technology is limited in field applications because of the need to have
• a dedicated clinician “sitting” on the receiving end. The cost and scheduling complexity associated with the use
• of live video has limited it application.

• - Using telecommunication
• technologies to deliver health related services or to connect patients and
• healthcare providers to maximize patient's health status; a relatively new term
• in our medical /nursing vocabulary; referring to and a wide range of health
• services that are delivered by telecommunications-ready tools, such as the
• telephone, videophone, and computer.
• The most basic of telecommunications technology, the telephone, has been
• used by health professionals for many years, sometimes by nurses to counsel a
• patient or by doctors to change a patient’s plan of care. Because of these
• widespread uses, we are already somewhat familiar with the value of the direct,
• expedient contact that telecommunications-ready tools provide for healthcare
• professionals. The growing field of telehealth, particularly in nursing
• practice, will allow us to improve care delivery services even more.

• Equipment
• that captures objective vital sign data. Some systems use interactive
• self-reporting devices to capture subjective information on how a patient feels
• as well. The values obtained from the patient are then collected and
• transmitted by a communication hub. Peripheral devices used in home telehealth can include any item
• with a digital readout. Generally this equipment is self-administrated by the
• patient or family caregiver.

¨Patient, population, or problem

¨Intervention

¨Comparison

¨Outcome

• a computable expression of a domain content model based on a reference
• model

• the approach where words or phrases are represented in a
• list or simple hierarchy

ICNP takes this approach

• This abbreviation for a system consists of 2 interrelated
• terminologies

• This acronym describes the terminology that covers
• interventions performed by nurses

• This acronym describes the terminology that covers
• patient/client outcomes

• This system provides both a terminology and a framework for
• documentation

covers specifically the perioperaptive patient experience