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what is the contributing factor that causes change in temperature of regulator when gas begins flowing?
because of the rapid expansion
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what creates back pressure?
attachment of equipment that blocks the flow
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critical pressure
pressure that must be maintained to keep a gas at liquid
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critical point
critical temp and pressure combined
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what gas manufactored by Joule-Thompson effect that dilates pumonary vessels, used to treat large airway obstruction
NO
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FDA purity standards?
99 and 99.5%
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which gas is used for anesthesia?
N2O
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what effect does NO have on the body?
pulmonary vasodilation
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3 safety systems incorporated into medical gas
- frangible disk - rupture
- fusible - melt
- spring loaded - spring raises
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3 safety systems that prevent accidental gas release/combustion
American standard (ASSS), pin-index (PISS), Diameter-index (DISS)
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what are the advantages of flow restrictor
preset constant flow, low cost and simplicity, gravity dependent
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what is a flow restrictor classified as?
fixed orifice, constant pressure
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what is a bourdon gauge classified as?
fixed orifice, variable pressure
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what is the problem with downstream pressure and bourdon gauges?
will read @ a higher flow than actual
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what is the bourdon gauge always used with
adjustable high pressure-reducing valve
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thorpe tube classification
variable orifice, constant pressure
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is the accuracy of the thorpe tube affected by downstread pressure?
nope
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2 recommending agencies
- CGA - compressed gas association - makes recommendations and specifications about safety systems
- NFPA - national fire protection agency - recommends protocol for the storage and distribution of medical gases
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3 regulating agencies
- DOT - stanards for handling and shipping of compressed gas cylinders
- FDA - regulates development and purity standards
- OSHA - occupational safety of health admin - safety procedures in the workplace
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fractional distallation process
atmospheric air is filtered to remove pollutants, water, and CO2 > pure air is liquefied > resulting mixture is O2, N2, and trace gases in liquid form > mixture heated slowly in a distillation tower > N2 escapes first as a gas and is followed by the trace gases > only liquid O2 is left > transferred to an insulated storage cylinder > O2 could also be allowed to convert to a gas and be stored in gas cylinders
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what color of tank is oxygen
green
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what color of tank is CO2
gray
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what color of tank is N2O
blue
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what color of tank is cyclopropane
orange
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what color of tank is helium
brown
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what color of tank is ethylene
red
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what color of tank is N2
black
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what color of tank is air
yellow
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reducing valve vs. flowmeter
RV used to solely reduce gas pressure while FM used to control gas flow
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what are the 3 fire risks for medical gases?
flammable, non-flammable, and non-flammable but combustible
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What is the formula to calculate the duration of a cylinder?
duration = (pressure x CF) / flow
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What is the cylinder factor for an H cylinder?
3.14
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what is the cylinder factor for an e cylinder?
.28
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what is the conversion factor for ft^3 to L?
ft^3 x 28.3
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what is the formula for converting liquid oxygen from ft^3 to liters of gas?
CF x 860 x 28.3
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How long will a full H cylinder of O2 last @ 10 L/min?
@ least 10 hours
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What is the pin setting for oxygen?
2-5
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