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Microbiology

  1. Antimicrobial Drugs:
    Chemotherapy: the use of drugs to treat a disease

    Antimicrobial drugs: interfere with the growth of microbes within a host
  2. -cidal vs. -static
    • Bactericidal
    • -kills microbes directly

    • Bacteriostatic
    • -prevents microbes from growing
  3. Action of Antimicrobial Drugs:
    cell wall synthesis

    protein synthesis

    nucleic acid replication

    plasma membrane

    essential metabolites
  4. An Antimicrobial: Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors
    Bacitracin

    Carbapenems

    Cephalosporins

    • Penicillins
    • -inhibits cross-bridge formation
    • -cell wall doesn't form; cell lysis occurs
    • -cells must be actively growing

    Vancomycin
  5. An Antimicrobial: Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
    yields cell death

    Chloramphenicol

    Tetracycline

    Streptomycin
  6. An Antimicrobial: Nucleic Acid Replication
    • Rifamycin
    • -inhibits RNA synthesis

    • Quinolones
    • ex: Cipro
    • -inhibits DNA replication
  7. An Antimicrobial: Plasma Membrane
    • Polymyxin B
    • -Topical application only
    • -destroys cell membranes in bacteria and eukaryotes
    • -combined with bacitracin & neomycin in Neosporin
  8. An Antimicrobial: Metabolite Analogs
    • Sulfonamindes
    • -aka: sulfa drugs
    • -inhibits folic acid systhesis
    • -bacteria must synthesize folic acid
    • -broad spectrum
  9. Bacteria have different sensitivities
    • Tests for sensitivity
    • -disk diffusion
    • -E test--MIC
    • -broth dilution test
  10. Antibiotic Resistance
    • Microbes can become resistant to antibiotics:
    • -enzyme destruction of drug
    • -prevention of penetration of drug
    • -alteration of drug's target site
    • -rapid ejection of the drug
Author
aliceaustin
ID
53320
Card Set
Microbiology
Description
Antimicrobial Drugs
Updated

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