Med Terms Chap 10 Cardiovascular

slow heart beat, ventricular contractions less tan 60bpm

abnormal sound heard when an artery us ausulated, usually a blowing or swishing sound, high pitch than a murmur

heart pain described as atypical or ishemic

enalrgement of heart

cramplike pains in the calives cause by poor circulation

lacks of oxygen, bluish/grayish discoloration

profuse secretion of sweat

difficult and/or painful breathing; if DOE, is experienced when effort is expneded

(vomit)

abnormal heart sound heard during systole, diastole, or both, wich may be described as gentle blowing, fluttering or hummiing sound

palness of skin and or mucosal membranes. on darker pigmented skin, it is noted in the inner surface of the lower eyelids or nail bends

pounding or racing of heart, patient is aware of it

excessive amount of blood in the pulmonary vessels, usually associated with heart failure

breathless, air hunger

fainting, loss of consciousness

rabid heartbeat, more than 100bpm

fine vibration felt by the examiner on palpitation

enlarged or swollen veins

congential cardiac anomaly characterized by a localized narrowing of the aorta, another term for narrowing

abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta caused by failure of the fetal ductus arteriosus to close after birth, most often in premature infants. Patent means open, occulude means closed

any congential abnomality of the walls between the heart chambers

hole in the wall between the upper chambers

hole in the walls between the lower 2 chambers

congential cardiac anomoly that consists of 4 defects

narrowing of the aortic valve which may be acquired or congential

narrowing of the valve between the left and right ventricular caused by adhesions on the leaflets of the valve

protrusion of one or both cusps of the mitral valve back into the left atrium during ventricular systole

condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe compfortably

uncommon narrowing of the trucuspid valvue associated with lesions or other valves caused by rheumatic fever

abnormal heartbeat. aka dysrhythmia

partial or complete heart block this is the result of a lack of electrical communication between the atria and the ventricles (aka heart block)

incomplete electrical conduction in the bundle branches, L or R

heartbeats that occur outside of normal rhythm

atrial ectopic beats (AEB) are irregulr contractions of the atria (aka premature atrial contractions (PAC))

ventricular ectopic (VEB) are irregular contractions of the ventricles (aka ventricular contractions (PVC))

extrmeley rapid and irregular contractions (300-600/miin) occuring with or without an underlyin cardiovacuslar disorder

most common type of arythmia

rapid, irregular ventricular contractionsl may be fatal unless reversed

extrmely rapid, but regular hearbeat (250-350)

rapid, regular atrial rythm

any abnormality of the sinus node that may include the ncesessity of an implantable pacemaker

condition of ventricular contractions >100bpm

paroxysmal chest pain that is often accompanied by shortnesss of breath and a sensation of impeding doom

accumulation and hardening of plaque in the coronary arteries that eventually can deprive the heart muscle of oxygen, leading to angina

compression of the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial sac

progressive disorder of the ventricles of the heart

inflammation of the endocardium and heart valuves, characteriszed by lesions and microbes

inability of the heart muscles to pump blood efficiently (aka CHF)

inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart, with the possibility of pericardial effusion

endocarium, myocardium, pericardium

thin tissue that acts as a lining of each of the chambers and valvues

cardiac muscle surrounding each of these chambers

double folded layer of connective tissue that surround the heart

localized diltion of an artery caused by a congential or acquired weakness in the wall of the vessel

disease in which the arterial walls become thickened and lose their elasticity, without the presence of antheromas

form of arteriosclerosis in which medium and large arteries have atheromas,

varicose veins that appear in the lower end of the esophagus as a result of portal hypertension; superficial and may cause ulceration and bleeding

varicose condition of the external or internal rectal veins that causes painful swellings at the anus

low bp

experiencing low bp upon rising to standing position

blockage of blood flow to the extremities

any vascular disorder limited to the extremeites; may affect not only the arteries and veins but also the lympatics

• idiopathic disease that is of unknown cause.
• peripheral vascular system that causes intermittent cyanosis/erythmea of the distal ends of the fingers

inflammation of either deep veins (deep being thrombosis (DVT)) or superficial veins (supericial vein thrombosis, or SVT)

elongated, dilated superficial veins (varices) with incompetent valves that permit reverse blood flow

inflammation of the blood vessels. aka angitis

benign growth usually occuring on the interatrial septum

noncancerous tumor of the blood vessels. may be conential "stork bite" or may develop later in life

rare heart cancer usually orginiating in the left atrium

rare cancer of cells that line blood vessels

measures bp

listening to the internal sounds in the body, usually with a stethetscope, or by tapping

injection of a radiplaque substance during cardiac catheterization for the purpose of imaging th heart and related structures

threading a catheter into a heart to collect diagnostic info

digital imaging process wherein contrast images are usted to "subtract" the noncontrast image of surrounding structures, leaving only a clear image of blood vessels

use of ultrasonic waves directed through the heart to study the structure and motion of the heart

images the heart through a transducer introduced into the esphogaous

imaging of the heart during exercise on a treadmill with the use of radioactive ethallium or technetium

portable electrocardiograph the is worn to record the reaction of the heart to daily activities

computerized imaging that uses the radiofrequency pulses in a magnetic field to detect areas of mycardial infaction, stenoses, and areas of blood flow

multiple-gated acquistion scan is a noninvasive method of imaging a beating heart by tagging RBCs with a radio active substance

use of radionuclide to diagnose CAD, valvular or congential heart disease

xray imaging of a vein after the introduction of a contrast dye

computerized nuclear medicine procedure that uses inhaled or injected radioactive substances to help identify how much a patient will benefit from revascularization procedures

postanterior and lateral chest xrays may be used to evaluate the size and shape of the heart

long, thin cardiac catheter with a tiny balloon at the top that is fed into the femoral artery near the groin and extended up to the L venrical.

blood test that measures the amount of cardiac enzymes characteristically released during the MI, determines the amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphkinase in the blood

blood test to measure the lipids in the circulating blood

the opening of a vein to withdraw a blood sample. aka venipuncture

removal of plaque from the coronary artery through a catheter with a rotating shaver or a laser

either external or implantable device that provides an electronic shock to the heart to restore a nomral rhythm

small, battery-operated device that helps the heart beat in a regular rhythm ; can be either internal or external

manual external cardiac massage and artifiical respiration used to restart the heartbeat and breating of a ptient

surgical division of a fibrous band or ring connecting corresponding parts of a body structure

open-heart surgery in which a pice of a blood vessel from another location is grafted onto one of the coronary arteries to reroute blood around a blockage

use of a cariopulmonary machine to do the work of the heart during ope-heart procedures

machine pump device that assists a ptient's weakend heart by pulling blood from the L ventricles into the pump and then ejecting it out into the aorta

surgical prodecures in which the heart is still beating while a minimal incision is made over the blocked coronary artery and an artery from the chest wall is used as the bypass

thermal destruction of veins using laser fibers within a vein. used to treat varicose veins

excision of hemorrhoids

a means of allowing intravenous access for delivering chemotheraphy, antibiotics, IV fluids, and feeding for a prolonged time

removal of a vein

injection of a chemical solution into varicosisties to cause inflammation