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Corticosteroids
ACTH, Prednisone
- -to releive sx
- -s/e: edema, euphoria, wt. gain, redistribution of body
- -teach: reduce Na intake, don't stop abruptly
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Immunomodulators
beta-interferon (Betaseron, Avonex, Rebif)
-modifies course of disease and has antiviral effects, used to relieve exacerbatoins
- -s/e: flu like sx, monitor CBC and LFT q 3 mo
- -
perform self-injection technique, report s/e.
-
Immunomodulator
Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone)
synthetic protein decoy (body mistakes it for myelin and attacks it instead of myelin)
-chest pain, local skin rxns, weakness, no lab monitoring required
-
Immunosuppressants
Mioxantrone (Novantrone)
chemo drug that reduces disablility and relapse, used to treat exacerbations
- -s/e: hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, monitor CBC and LFT q month, N/V, diarrhea, alopecia
- -urine may turn blue-green, maintain adequate fluid intake
-
Biologic response modifier (monoclonal antibody)
Natalizumab (Tysabri)
-think "targeted therapy"
-binds to WBCs to prevent further myelin damage
- -used to slow progression of MS, given IV
- -s/e: liver damage, immune suppression, allergic rxns
- -LFTs
-
Anticholinergics
Probanthine
Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
- -used to relieve urinary frequency/urgency (spastic bladder/detrusor hyperreflexia)
- -s/e: urinary retention, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, contraindicated w/ hx of glaucoma
- -many s/e w/ other meds...ask MD
-
Muscle Relaxants
Diazepam (Valium)
Baclofen (Lioresal)
Dantrolene (dantrium)
used to tx spacitity
- -s/e: drowsiness
- -avoid driving, long term use and antidepressants
-take Baclofen w/ food/milk
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