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what is the heart
muscular, cone-shaped organ the size of a fist located behind the sternum
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where is the tricuspid valve located
btwn rt atrium and rt ventricle
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where is the mitral valve located
btwn the lt atrium and lt ventricle
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where are the semilunar valves located
btwn the rt ventricle and pulmonary artery and btwn lt ventricle and aorta
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what is the pericardium
2 layer sac of an external fibrous and an internal serous layer. serous secretes a fluid that facilitates movement of the heart and is called the epicardium
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what are the 3 layers of the heart
epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium
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which layer of the heart is the middle
myocardium
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which layer of the heart is the inner lining
endocardium
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which layer of the heart is the covering
epicardium
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what are blood vessels
tubelike structures that carry blood throughout the body
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what are arteries
blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
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do arteries carry richly or poorly oxygenated blood?
richly (carries blood away from heart)
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what are arterioles?
smallest arteries
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what is the aorta
the largest artery in body
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what is the largest artery in the body?
aorta
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where does the aorta originate?
at the left ventricle
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where does the aorta descend to?
through the thorax and abdomen?
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what are veins?
blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
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do veins carry richly or poorly oxygenated blood?
poorly (carries blood back to the heart)
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what are venules?
smallest veins
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what are the largest veins in the body called?
venae cavae
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what are the 2 largest veins in the body called?
superior and inferior venae cavae
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what vein carries blood to the heart from the body parts below the diaphragm?
inferior vena cava
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what vein returns blood to the heart from the upper part of the body?
superior vena cava
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what are capillaries
microscopic blood vessels that connect arterioles with venules
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what is blood composed of?
plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
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what is plasma
clear, straw-colored liquid portion of blood in which cells are suspended
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what is the make-up of plasma?
90% H2O 10% proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, etc
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what are erythrocytes?
red blood cells
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what are leukocytes?
white blood cells
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what are thrombocytes?
platelets
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what is serum?
clear, watery fluid portion of blood that remains after a clot has formed
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what is a lymph?
transparent, colorless, tissue fluid (when in lymphatic system), contains lymphocytes and monocytes
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what are lymphatic vessels?
tubes that transport lymph
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what are lymph nodes?
small spherical bodies that filter lymph to keep bacteria and waste from entering the blood
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what is the spleen
largest lymphatic organ in the body, blood flows through it and is cleaned
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what is the thymus gland
one of primary lymphatic organs, plays a major role in the development of the immune system from infancy to puberty and atrophies once puberty is hit
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lymph/o
lymph, lymph, tissue
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ather/o
yellowish, fatty plaque
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electr/o
electricity, electrical activity
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isch/o
deficiency, blockage
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-graph
instrument used to record; record
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-penia
abnormal reduction in number
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acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
sudden symptoms of insufficient blood supply to the heart indicating unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction
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