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Reproductive 1
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solid ball of cells formed at day 4 of fertilization?
morula
where implantation occurs?
endometrium
maternal changes during pregnancy?
maternal blood volume increase
maternal nutrient requirement increase
maternal glomerular filtration rate increase
RR adn tidal volume increase
what forms the chorion?
trophoblast
where does fertilization of ovum take place?
upper 1/3 of uterine tube
what suppresses uterine contractions during gestation?
elevated progesterone levels
what protects fetus from mechanical injury?
fluid contained in amnion
embryonic period of development covers what time period?
first 2 mths follow fertilization
what occurs during oocyte activation?
metabolic rate of oocyte increase
ovum completes meiosis 2
cortical reaction occurs
other sperm are prohibited from fertilize another egg
1st stage of labor?
dilation
what things does a sperm need to penetrate to fertilize the egg?
corona radiata
zona pellucida
granulosa cells
clear glycoprotien layer
polyspermy in humans will make what happen to the zygote?
nonfunctional.
stage of labor where fetus emerges from vagina?
expulsion
correct order in time sequence
1) fertilization
2) blastocyst
3) cleavage
4) zygote
5) implantation
6) development of chorionic villi
1) fertilization
2) zygote
3) cleavage
4) blastocyst
5) implantation
6) development of chorionic villi
when throphoblast releases enzymes what happens to endometrium?
endometrium is digested by enzymes
what happens during amphimixis?
male and female pronuclei fuse
when do embryologic and early fetal development occur?
1st trimester
what happens between teh decidua basalis and chorionic villi?
exchange of gas, nutrients and waste between mother and child
what fills intervillous spaces?
ONLY mother blood
period of gestation characterized by rapid fetal growth?
3rd trimester
if you have an ectopic pregnacy what happens?
implantation occured other then in uterus
why is corpus luteum maintained in early pregnancy?
keep levels of estrogen and progesterone high enough to maintain endometrium
period of gestation when rudiments of major organ systems appear?
1st trimester
what portion of endometrium becomes mothers portion of placenta?
decidua basalis
day 12 of embryonic development what forms a new layer?
gastrulation
what produces human chorionic gonadotropin?
trophoblast cells of chorion
what period of gestation is considered time when most organ systems complete adn fetus looks like a human?
2nd trimester
granulation produces oval, 3 layer disc known as?
embryonic disc
main function of HCG early in pregnancy?
maintain corpus luteum
process of cell division after fertilization?
cleavage
what is tested in urine to determine pregnancy?
HCG
penetration of endometrium by blastocyst?
implantation
ectoderm is to _____as mesoderm is to__________?
ectoderm is to neural tissue as mesoderm is to cardovascular/lymphatic tissue.
what are blastomeres?
identical cells produced by early cleavage
when implantation occurs what happens to nutrients? why?
nutrients are absorbed by trophoblast so it can easily reach inner cell mass through simple diffusion
what is morula?
solid ball of cells formed after several rounds of cell division following fertilization
by end of gestation, mother blood volume increases by how much?
50%
what is HCG?
Human chorionic gonadotropin that most pregnancy tests are based on presence or absence of.
blastocyst
hollow ball of cells
gradual modification of anatomical structures during the period of conception to maturity?
development
what forms from inner cell mass of blastocyst?
embryo
what phase is secondary oocyte in when leaving follicle?
metaphase of 2nd meiotic division
what happens during implantation to syncytial trophoblast?
it erodes a path through endometrium
stretching cervix cause what hormone to increase?
oxytocin
what happens to maternal blood vessels in endometrium under influuence of trophoblast?
they break down and form lacunae
HCG is produced by what?
trophoblast cells of chorion
stage of gestation where fetus looks like human and organs are complete of most of development
2nd trimester
why does maternal blood volume increase during pregnancy?
hypoxia resulting from fetal demand for o2 stimulate erythropoietin release
increase aldosterone secretion promote salt and water retention at kidney
decrease venous return d/t blood volume diverted to placenta triggers compensating mechanism
what forms amniotic fluid?
separation of inner cell mass from trophoblast
during implantation the inner cell mass organizes into what?
blastodisc
what is result of inability of placenta to produce enough relaxin?
C section
when are germ layers formed?
gastrulation
what does ectoderm form?
neural tissues
mesoderm forms what ?
muscle
where does fertilization take place in body?
close to junction of ampulla and isthmus of uterine tube
endoderm forms what?
urinary bladder
what structure forms the extraembryonic membrane forming blood?
yolk sac
why does fetus strip O2 from mother?
fetal hemoglobin is higher affinity for O2 then mothers hemoglobin
what structure forms the extraembryonic membrane forming fluid filled sac?
amnion
what structure forms extraembryonic membrane forming urinary bladder?
allantois
what structure forms the extraembryonic membrane forming fetal portion of placenta?
chorion
hormone that increases flexibility of symphysis pubis adn cause dilation of cervix?
relaxin
hormones produced by placenta?
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
human placedntal lactogen (HPL)
relaxin
progesterone
secondary follicle
secondary follicle
secondary follicle
secondary oocyte
secondary oocyte
secondary oocyte
ampulla of uterine tube
antrum filled with follicular fluid
antrum
antrum
body of uterus
body of uterus
broad ligament
cervical canal
cervical canal
cervix
cervix
cervix
clitoris
clitoris
corpus albicans
corpus luteum
corpus luteum
corpus luteum
endometrial gland
endometrial gland
endometrium
endometrium
endometrium
external os
external os
external os
external os
fimbriae
fimbriae
follicular fluid
fundus of uterus
graafian follicle
graafian follicle
granulosa cells
granulosa cells
where fertilization occurs?
uterine tubes
what hormone does developing follicle cells secrete?
estrogen
what triggers surge in lutenizing hormone?
high levels of estrogen
when does oocyte finish meiosis?
after fertilization
what happens during proliferative phase of menstruation cycle?
a new functional layer is formed in the uterus.
function of cremaster muscle?
Elevate the testes during sexual arousal and exposure to cold
structure (s) that helps to trap blood in penis during ejaculation?
Corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum
pea sized gland that produces thick alkaline mucous?
Bulbourethral gland
what is contained in seman?
seminal fluid
spermatozoa
enzymes
prostaglandins
spermatagonia?
stem cells forming sperm
corpus luteum
glans penis
infundibulum of uterine tube
infundibulum
Author
mommy2pj
ID
53126
Card Set
Reproductive 1
Description
reproduction system anatomy and how it works
Updated
2010-12-07T20:42:09Z
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