-
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- -for ALL types EXCEPT abscence
- -given PO or IV w/ NS only
- -900-1500 mg IV infused at 50mg/min max (too fast of infusion = heart probs)
- -watch for bradycardia, and heart block, hypotension-can cause ataxia, dizziness, may decr. WBC, RBC, and granulocyte count, may cause gingival hyperplasia
-
Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)
- -for ALL types EXCEPT absence
- -15-20mgPE/kg IV at 100-150 mPE/min (can be given more rapidly than Dilantin)
- -mix in NS or dextrose slns, dilute to 25 mgPE/ml
- -can admin IM, cannot admin PO
-
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
- -primary tx for generalized and complex partial
- -monitor for diplopia, GI upset, hepatic dysfunction and blood dyscrasia (blood disease)
-
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
- -for absence
- -monitor behavioral changes, drowsiness, ataxia
-
Diazepam (Valium)
- -for status epilepticus (prferred drug)
- -inject 5-20mg direct IV push d/t incompatibilities w/ all other IVF
- -
give in most proximal port possible
-
Lorazepam (Ativan)
- -for status epilepticus (preferred drug)
- -inject 2-4mg diluted in equal volume sterile water over 2 min; may repeat up to 8mg total
-
Valproic acid (Depakene)
Divalproex (Depakote)
- -for all types
- -monitor for hepatotoxicity, N/V, thrombocytopenia, hair loss
-
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
- -adjunct therapy for partial seizures incl. secondary generalized seizures
- -monitor somnolence, fatigue, ataxia, dyspnea
-
Phenobarbitol (Luminol)
- -partial or generalized status elipepticus
- -a barbiturate
- -monitor for hangover, sedation, laryngospasm, angioedema and serum sickness
-
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
- -partial seizures
- -watch for diplopia, HA, ataxia
- -life threatening ig given w/ Valproic acid (Depakene)
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