Med Surg Ch 10.txt

A surgical removal of the kidney

Every 2 hours

An incision to drain the pelvis of the kidney

Acute pyelonephritis

It remain in place until the donor kidney is positioned

Increased blood pressure, oliguria, edema

Cyclosporine

Surgical removal of the bladder

Ileal conduit (Bricker's procedure)

Into a loop of the ileum that is isolated and brought to the surface of the abdominal wall

Hourly - if less than 30 ml/hour it's reported to the doctor

Peritonitis

Diabetes, starvation

Increased blood pressure or toxicity of the kidneys

Protein-sparing, high carbs, low potassium & sodium

Accurate documentation of urine output

End-stage; kidneys unable to regain normal function

Headache, lethargy, asthenia

Bun of 50+ and creatinine of 5+

High in calories from carbs

Conserve renal function as long as possible

The filtration of blood

The process of filtering a pt's blood through a mechanical kidney, then returned to the patient's circulatory system

To prevent toxic accumulation

3 times a week for 3-6 hours

One who is ambulatory

4 times per day for 7 days

Dialysis through a semipermeable membrane

A pt with previous abdominal surgery or chronic back pain

Any condition of the prostate gland that causes retention of urine in the bladder

Removal of the prostate gland

With an antihypertensive

TURP

Through the urethra

Closed bladder irrigation

An isotonic solution

Hematuria

For kinks that would occlude urine and cause bladder spasms

A group of signs characterized by marked proteinuria, hypoalbuminuria, and edema

Decreased urine output

Protein replacement, low salt

Corticosteroids, loop diurectics

Renal failure from sudden onset such as from trauma, infection, inflammation or toxicity

BUN and creatinine increase and urine decreases

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, edema

Excretion of waste products

2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 urethra, 1 bladder

It filters blood and processes urine

By excretion, secretion, and reabsorption

By directly excreting H+ ions and forming bicarbonate for buffering

By controlling circulating volume and rennin secretion

The glomerlar filtrate

Erythropoietin secreted by the kidneys stimulates bone marrow to produce RBC's

The amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys is decreased

The ADH causes distal tubules to increase the rate of water reabsorption

It returns water to the bloodstream and increases blood pressure to a more normal level

4.6-8.0

Urinalysis

The pt�s hydration status and the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine

10-20 mg

The kidneys ability to rid the blood of nonprotein nitrogen waste and urea

0.5-1.2

A product used in skeletal muscle contraction excreted entirely by the kidney

for a 24-hour period

Prostate cancer, benign prostatic hypertrophy, prostatitis

The weight of he solute � determines the kidneys concentration ability

The size, structure, and position of the urinary tract structures

Pale yellow to amber

Renal disease

A test to evaluate the structure of the urinary tract, filling of the renal pelvis with urine, and transport of urine to the bladder

Any iodine allergies

NPO for 8 hours

The upper and lower urinary tract

The urinary blader

The status of the urethral structure

x-rays are taken while a pt voids to detect abnormalities of the urinary bladder and urethra

A visual exam of a hollow organ using an instrument

A visual exam to inspect, treat or diagnose disorders of the urinary bladder

Blood supply to the kidneys, masses, and detects possible complications after a kidney transplant

Flat in bed for several hours

The kidneys venous drainage

If inadequate renal function is noted

The pregnant nurse

The prostate gland

Bed rest w/bathroom privileges for 24 hours

When neurological disease is suspected of being and underlying cause of incontinence

It impairs sodium and chloride reabsorption which leads to the excretion of electrolytes and water

It inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride

Loop or high-ceiling

They inhibit sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion

To manage edema

Management of systemic edema and control of mild/moderate hypertension

To lower intraocular pressure; also has a diuretic effect on the urinary system

Oxybutynin chloride (ditropan)

Flavoxate (Urispas)

Bethanechol chloride (urecholine)

Phenazophyridine (Pyridium, Urogesic)

Finasteride (Proscar)

Tevazosin hydrochloride (Hytrin)

To treat UTI�s caused by gram-neg microbes

Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)

Those with chronic recurrent urinary tract infections as a preventive measure

UTI�s gonorrhea, gonococcal urethritis

For suspected enlargement of the prostate gland

Foley

Malecot, pezzer, or mushroom

Robinson

Whistle tip

Cystostomy, vesicostomy, suprapubic

2 times

Check drainage system for proper placement

For pt�s with spinal cord injuries

Groups of 10-20 four times a day

The inability to void even with the urge to void

Distend and can be palpated

Reinstitution of normal voiding patterns

The perineal muscles

Fluid intake and meds

Less than 50 ml

The involuntary loss of urine from the bladder

Neurogenic bladder

A lesion of the nervous system that interferes with the normal nerve conduction to the urinary bladder

The presence of microorganisms in any urinary system

Presence of bacteria in the urine

Because the urethra is short

Urgency, frequency, burning on urination

Excessive urination at night

A general feeling of tiredness & listlessness

Blood in the urine

Pus in the urine

Inflammation of the wall of the urinary bladder

Dysuria, urinary frequency and pyuria

100,000

A chronic pain disorder in the urinary bladder and surrounding region

Inflammation of the structures of the kidney

Excessive nitrogenous compounds in the blood

E.Coli

Bacteria & pus in the urine and leukocytosis

14-21 days

Formation of urinary calculi

From minerals that have precipitated out of solution & adhere, forming stones

People who are immobile or have recurrent UTI�s

Flank, radiating to the groin, genitalia, and the inner thigh

KUB, IVP, ultrasound, u/a, cystoscopy

surgical incision or cystoscopy

Increase activity level and fluid intake

STRAIN IT

Smoking, familial incidence and preexisting renal disorders

Weight loss, dull flank pain and a palpable mass

A genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts which can slowly replace much of the kidney

The collecting ducts

They are raised

Relief of pain and symptoms

Enlargement of the prostate gland

As the prostate enlarges, it puts pressure on the bladder & prevents complete emptying

Puncture site

Perineal floor

Restricting fluid intake

Provide the pt with an active role in the planning

9 am

Grapefruit, tomatoes, oranges and bananas

Decreased burning sensation

Measure the total output and deduct the amount of irrigation solution used

�I�m glad I don�t have to stay in bed after the test.�

To remove toxins and metabolic waste

Use strict surgical asepsis for dressing changes

Prevention of infection

Anemia

Normal patterns of urinary elimination

Ensure patency

Diabetes