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What cell type has the least amount of compartmentalization?
Bacteria
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What most limits the resolving power of a light microscope?
The wavelength of electromagnetic radiation (i.e, light) used to illuminate the specimen
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A prokaryotic cell doesn't have
an endoplasmic reticulum
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Transport across a cell membrane in which the cell must use ATP and pushes the compound against a concentration gradient.
Active Transport
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This individual is credited with inventing a simple microscope taht was capable of viewing bacteria. Indeed, he is known as the father of bacteriology.
van Leewonhoek
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Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing what molecule?
Proteins
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Plant cells often have a large membrane-bound sac that is used for storing water and other substances. This organelle is a
Central vacuole
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Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell?
Rough ER
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What is capable of converting light energy to chemical energy?
Chloroplasts
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What possesses a microtubular structure similar to a basal body?
Centriole
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Fibers that are found in cilia and flagella, and are responsible for chromosome movement during mitosis are
Microtubules
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What is not present in all eukaryotic cells?
Cell wall
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The organelle that can be thought of as a "Mail Box Store" because it modifies and packages compounds for transport is the
Golgi complex
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Cell-cell junctions whose function is to bind the membranes together to produce a relatively impermeable boundary.
Tight junctions
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What is not bounded by organelle membranes?
Cytoskeleton
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Active transport in which two substances are pumped in opposite directions is called
Antiport
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On the outer surface of the plasma membrane there are marker molecules that identify the cell type, and can be recognized by the immune system. These are called
Antigens
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Lipid synthesis occurs in which eukaryotic organelle?
Smooth ER
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For the process of diffusion to occur, molecules must
Move from areas of high concentration to areas of lesser concentration until an equilibrium is reached
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Which structure is the repository of the genetic information that directs all of the activities of the cell?
Nucleus
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Microfilaments such as actin, microtubules, and the intermediate filaments form the cell-supporting structure called the
Cytoskeleton
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The process often thought of as "cell eating" is
Phagocytosis
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What is not a characteristic of a cell membrane?
Rigid structure
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What protein classes are not found as membrane proteins?
Hormones
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The chromosomal hereditary material is packaged in this organelle in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells. This organelle is
Nucleus
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The function of cholesterol in the cell membrane is primarily
to strengthen the cell membrane
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Assume that the saline concentration inside a cell is 1.0% and the saline concentration in the environment is 5.0% The environment is _____ to the cell interior.
Hypertonic
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What is most likely to be placed on the X-axis of a graph?
Time
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What is the main purpose of a simple statistic?
Describe the population
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What is the main purpose of a parametric statistic?
Test a hypothesis
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What is the purpose of the pores found in the nuclear envelope
They allow mRNA out of the nucleus
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What is the endosymbiosis theory?
An organelle cam about by a bacteria engulfing another cell
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What is the function of Mitochondria?
Aerobic cellular respiration to make ATP
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What are two functions of cell walls?
- Structure
- Protect against osmosis
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What are three components of the cell theory?
- Anything living is a cell or consists of cells
- Nothing less than a cell is living
- Cells give rise to new cells
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