MCB 62 Opiates 2 10/28

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What do opioids do in the brain?

agonist @ opioid proteins
Endogenous Neurotransmitters
- Endorphins
- - from "endogenous morphine"
- -neuropeptides
- *long chains of amino acids
- *larger than glutamate and GABA
Opioid Addiction/ Treatment
- -detoxification and negotiation withdrawl
- -dealing with cravings
- -ongoing psychological and behavioral programs
Psychological/ Behavioral Programs for Opioid Addiction
- 12 step
- Narcotics Anonymous
- individual and group psychotherapy
- opioid replacement therapies
Opioid Replacement Therapies

methadone/buprenorphine (semi-synthetic opioid, agonist, not as potent, easier to taper off)
Abuse/ Addiction Potential
- pharmacology
- quantity used/dose
- route of admin
- psychological context
- social/environmental complex
James Olds-1954
- learning in rats
- stimulated different parts of the brain with electricity to see if they learned better
- rat pressed bar to recieve stimulation
- one part of the brain it would press over and over again and ignore everything else and even cross a painful grid
Reward Reinforcement Pathway
- frontal cortex --> nucleus accumbens (N.A.) --> ventral tegmental
- dopamine is the NT
- compulsion to do it again and again
- feels frustrating
Drugs and the Reward Pathway
- Drugs having abuse potential facilitate increased dopamine activity in the reward pathway
- This results in changes in synaptic stress
Behavioral Addictions
- gambling
- video game playing
- shopping
- sex
- pornography
- eating
Treating Behavioral Addictions
- work w/ a crisis treatment center
- breaking the cycle
- consolidating abstinence
- creating a new lifestyle with social support networks, recreational activities, and coping skills

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elainewest

52711

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MCB 62 Opiates 2 10/28

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Updated

2010-12-01T23:15:27Z

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