BIOLOGY CH3

the unequal distribution of electrons

when hydrogen bonds hold the substance together

a measure of how diff. it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

clinging of one substance to another

the energy of motion; the faster molecule moves the greater its kinetic energy

a form of energy

measure of heat intensity that represents the average kinetic energy of the molecules

• amount of heat it takes to raise the temp. of 1g
• of water by 1oC

1000 cal is the quantity of heat required to raise the temp of 1 kg of water by 1oC (this is the calorie in food pkg.)

one joule= -.239 cal; one calorie = 4.184J

mount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of that substance to change its temp. by 1oC

liquid must absorb 1g of it to be converted from liquid to gas

the surface of the liquid that remains behind cools down; occurs b/c the hottest molecules are most likely to leave as gas

completely homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

the dissolving agent

one which water is the solvent

the sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion

“water loving”; some don’t dissolve

a stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid ex; cotton

water fearing; nonionic and nonpolar molecules

sum of the masses of all the atoms in a molecule

the number of moles of solute per liter of solution

the water molecule that lost a proton which has a charge of 1-

substance that inc. the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution (reduce H+ by accepting hydrogen ions); concentration with higher OH- than H+

substances that minimize changes in the in the concentration of H+ and OH-

refers to the rain, snow or fog with the pH lower than pH 5.2