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Biochemistry
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What is a molecule preeminent in lipid metabolism?
Acetyl-CoA
What are Triacyl glycerols (TAG)?
They are digested in the lumen of the small intestine to form fatty acid and monoacyl glycerol.
What do Enterocytes combine to from chlymicrons (large, low-density lipoproteins)?
TAGs, cholesterol, phospholipids and proteins
What are the body's primary lipid storage depot?
Adipocytes
How many ATP are formed from stearic acid?
120
What is an excess of ketone bodies called?
ketosis
What is fatty acid synthase?
The enzyme responsible for synthesis
What is the end product of fatty acid synthesis?
Palmitate with 16 carbons
What are the 6 steps of fatty acid synthesis?
Priming
Malonyl Transfer
Condensation
First Reduction
Dehydration
Second Reduction
What are the 2 sites for chain lengthening?
Endoplamic Reticulum - malonyl-CoA
Mitochondria - acetyl- CoA
What is the key enzyme for cholesterol synthesis?
HMG-CoA reductase
What is the precursor to all steroid hormones?
Cholesterol
What are low and high density lipoproteins?
Low- deposit cholesterol in arteries
High - good cholesterol
What is the essential feature of photosynthesis?
Absorption of light by specialized pigment molecules.
What harvests light or protect against ROS?
Carotenoids
What is the inner space of chloroplasts called?
Stroma
What is the third membrane of the chloroplast called?
Thylakoid
What happens in Photosystem I?
Donation of energized electrons to electron carries in thylakoid membrane
What happens in photosystem II?
Oxidize water and donate electrons to electron carriers that reduce photosystem I
What is Quantum Theory?
Molecules absorb energy only in specific amounts called quanta
What is it called when a molecule's excited state emits a photon of a longer wavelength than that of the photon absorbed?
flourescence
In what is energy transferred to a neighboring molecule?
resonance energy transfer
What happens radiationless decay?
The excited molecule returns to the ground state by releasing heat
What is photophosphorylation?
Conversion of light energy into redox energy by chloroplast
What is the Calvin Cycle?
The process in which CO2 is incorporated into carbohydrates in the stroma
What is the compensation point?
rates of CO2 fixation and release are equal
What is rubisco?
The key regulatory enzyme for CO2 fixation
Why is Nitrogen is very important?
Its found in major organic molecules that make essential biomolecules
What is transamination?
The process of converting alpha amino acid to alpha keto acid
What are alkaloids?
Basic nitrogen containing chemicals found in plants
What is a nucleoside?
compound in which DNA/RNA base forms a glycosidic link to sugar molecule
What is a nucleotide?
The repeating unit of DNA or RNA polymer
What is heme?
one of the most complex molecules found in mammalian cells
Author
icimmy
ID
52558
Card Set
Biochemistry
Description
Quiz 3
Updated
2010-12-01T04:24:46Z
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