-
Neri's Bowing
P: flex knee on affected side
I: Dural mobility compromise {disc herniation, lateral recess stenosis, tumor}
-
Heel Walking
P: Toes drop
I: L4-L5 lesion, common peroneal nerve lesion, problem w/ant tib or extensors
-
Toe Walking
P: Heels drop
I: S1 lesion or tibial nerve, gastroc/soleus problem
-
Bechterew
P: Radicular pain, inability to perform due to pain, tripod sign
I: L4-S3 Radiculopathy {disc herniation, tumor, osteophytes, lateral canal stenosis}
-
Sitting Root
- "Laseague's Test"
- P: Radicular pain in elevated leg
I:L4-S3 Radiculopathy {disc herniation, tumor, osteophytes, lateral canal stenosis}
-
Sciatic Tension
P: Radicular Pain
I: Intra/Extra dural irriation of sciatic nerve
-
Minor Sign
P: Pt supports self on unaffected side while standing & keeps affected leg flexed
I: L4-S3 Radiculopathy
-
SLR
P: Radicular Pain
I: 35-70 = L4-S3 nerve root; <35 = extra-dual sciatic involvement
-
Bragard
P: Radicular Pain
I: Irritation of L4-S3 nerve roots {35-70} or extra-dural sciatic irritation {<35}
-
Sicard's
SLR to short of pain & extend big toe
Confirm Bragards
- P: Radicular pain
- I: L4-S3 {35-70} or Sciatic {<35}
-
Turyn's Sign
- Leg flat on table & extend big toe
- Confirm Bragard's
- P: Radicular pain
- I: L4-S3 {35-70} or Sciatic {<35}
-
Well Leg Raise
P: Increase in radicular pain in the affected leg
I: Medial Disc Protrusion L4-S3
-
Fajersztajn
P: Increase in pain or production of radicular pain on affected leg
I: Medial disc protrusion L4-S3
-
Bowstring
- "Cram Test/Popliteal pressure Sign"
- P: Radicular Pain
I: Intra/Extra dural sciatic irritation
-
Femoral Nerve Traction
P: Radicular pain down anterior thigh
I: L2-L4 Radiculopathy
-
Ely's Heel to Buttock
P: Radicular {ant thigh} or non-radicular &/or inability to hyperextend hip
I: Tight Rectus Femoris, Iliopsoas irritation, L2-L4 Radiculopathy
-
Kemp
P: Radicular or Achy Pain
I: Radicular {spinal nerve Root} Achy pain {facet, capsulitis, mm spasm}
-
Freiberg
P: Sx relieved by external rotation
I: Piriformis Syndrome
-
Yeoman
P: SI joint Pain
I: SI joint inflammation, infection, sprain
-
Iliac Compression Test
- "Approximation Test"
- P: Pain in SI
I: SI joint inflammation, infection, sprain
-
Hibb
P: Pain in SI or hip joint
I: Abscess/sprain of SI, hip joint capsulitis, arthritis
-
Dejerine's Triad
P: Localized or Radiating Pain
I: Increased intrathecal pressure from disc defect, mass, osteophyte
-
Spinous Percussion
P: Localized or Radicular Pain
I: Localized {Fx} Radicular {disc defect}
-
Patricks
- "FABERE"
- P: Pain in groin or inferior gluteal fold region
I: Hip capsulitis, arthritis, Fx
-
Peripheral Joint Clearance
P: Pain in hips, knees &/or ankle joints
I: Problem w/the painful joint {hip, knee, ankle}
-
Anvil
P: Pain in groin or upper thigh
I: Hip fx, arthritis, capsulitis
-
Trendelenburg Sign
P: Pelvis drops on the non-stance side
I: Glut Medius weakness on stance side or unstable hip
-
Thomas
P: Pt involuntarily flexes opposite leg
I: Tight hip flexors or hip flexion contracture {iliopsoas}
-
Ober
P: Thigh remains abducted
I: Contracture or tightness of TFL or ITB
-
Drawer Sign
P: 5+ mm of tibial mov't in either direction
I: ACL sprain, capsule, MCL sprain, ITB, PCL, Post oblique ligament
-
Lachman
P: Ant translation of the tibia on the femur
I: ACL sprain or possible post oblique ligament sprain
-
Abduction Stress
P: Gapping on the medial tibiofemoral line
I: Flexion {MCL sprain} Extension {MCL &/or ACP, PCL, capsule}
-
Adduction Stress
P: Gapping along the lateral tibiofemoal joint
I: Flexion {LCL} Extension {LCL &/or capsule, PCL, ACL}
-
Apley's Distraction
P: Pain or relief of Sx
I: Pain {nonspecific lig sprain} Relief {meniscal injury}
-
Apley's Compression
P: Pain on either side of the knee
I: Torn meniscus on painful side
-
Posterior Sag Sign
"Gravity Drawer Test"
P: Tibial Plateau's sag posterior to femur
I: Chronic Posterior Cruciate ligament tear
-
McMurray
P: Clicking along the medial &/or lateral joint line
I: Medial/Lateral meniscus
-
Bounce Home
P: Inability to reach full extension or rubber like end feel
I: Torn meniscus or cartilage
-
Patella Grinding
P: Pain under or over Patella
I: Under {chondromalacia, arthritis, chondral fx} Over {prepatellar bursitis}
-
Clarke's
P: Retropatellar pain
I: Chondromalacia Patella
-
Waldron
P: Pain is relieved in one position
I: Patellorfemoral tracking disorder
-
Stroke
"Brush/Bulge Test"
P: Bulge in inferior medial border of patella
I: Intra-articular effusion
-
Closed chain STJ Assess
Stand and rotate tibia until talus is in neutral
~ Note findings
-
Open Chain STJ Assess
Prone, move foot until Talus is in neutral
~ Report Findins
-
Thompson
P: Loss of plantar flexion
I: Rupture of the Achilles Tendon
-
Drawer's Foot sign
P: Gapping when tibia is pushed or pulled
I: Push {sprain of ant talofibular ligament} Pull {sprain of posterior talofibular ligament}
-
Lateral Stability
"Inversion stress test"
P: Gapping in the joint
I: Sprain of anterior talofibular ligament or calcaneofibular ligament
-
Medial Stability
"Eversion Stress Test"
P: Gapping in the joint
I: Sprain of deltoid ligament
-
Squeeze
P: Pain btw the tib/fib joint
I: High ankle sprain {sprain of syndesmosis}
-
Tinel of Foot
P: Posterior tibial nerve distribution
I: Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
-
Morton
P: Sharp pain in forefoot
I: Metatarsalgia, stress fx or neuroma
-
Pulse Palpation
Temporal, Mandibular, Carotids, Brachial, Antecubital, Radial, Ulnar, Abdominal Aorta, Iliacs, Femorals, Popliteals, Posterior Tibial, Dorsalis Pedis
-
Auscultation
Femoral Triangle, Anteromedial thigh, Popliteal fossa, post tibial, dorsalis pedis, supraclavicular fossa, brachial artery, radial & ulnar arteries, carotid & temporal
-
Homan
P: Deep-seated pain in calf
I: Thrombophlebitis
-
Louvel
P: Pain alleviated while occlusion occurs
I: Thrombophlebitis
-
Ankle/Brachial Index
P: Ratio of LE:UE BP is less than one
I: {.7-.9} Mild claudication {.4-.7} moderate/severe claudication {.3-.4} Severe claudication & rest pain {0-.3} ischemia w/impending loss of tissue
-
Buerger
P: elevation {pallor & collapse of veins} dependent {foot turns reddish/cyantoic & vens distended, takes over a minute for normal color}
I: Arterial Compromise
-
DeWeese
P: Pulse strength diminishes or is absent
I: Arterial Claudication
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