micro 2

________ organisms that us CO2 as their carbon source by converting C02 to __________ matter.

_________ are nutrionally independant living things

______ get their energy source from sunlight.

_______ have their energy sourches from inorganic compounds.
(the examples recycle inorganic nutrients)

_________ are organisms whos energy and carbon sources are organic compunds (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids) therefore are dependent upon other life forms for survival.

___________ is the sum total of all the chemical reactions that take place in a cell.

Catabolism- are chemical reactions that break down
complex organic compounds into simpler ones. This reaction releases energy that can drive ________ reaction.

-__________ are chemical reactions that break downcomplex organic compounds into simpler ones. This reaction releases energy that can drive anabolic reaction.

Examples of _____________ reactions:
____________ → Pyruvic acid + ATP
_____ _____→ TCA cycle→ ATP + CO2+ H20
Fermentation → ATP + other byproducts.

Anabolism: These reactions require ________ to take place. Here simple substances combine to form complex molecules.

Example of anabolism reactions
amino acid → ___________
simple sugars → ____________

___________ __________ (Ea) which is the amount of energy required to initiate a chemical reaction.

Enzymes ________ the activation energy, and permit the reaction to proceed at a _____ rate at room temperature.

By lowering the activation energy barrier, enzymes allow chemicals to undergo _____________.

Enzymes are biological ________ (proteins) required for cellular reactions. Without enzymes reactions can’t occur fast enough to maintain life processes. Each cell has thousands of enzymes

Respiration- Can be done either ________ or __________

Aerobic –requires oxygen and occurs in the _________ and ___________.

Aerobic respiration generates a net of __ (__ total) ATP molecules

Aerobic in bacteria occurs in the _________. Electrons are ultimately passed to molecular oxygen (O2), the terminal electron acceptor, producing ________.

Anaerobic - is common in _______ and protista and oxygen is not required. (uses electron transport chain)

Anaerobic respiration takes place in the ________ and generates a net of ___ ATP molecules. (number varies however , the ATP yield of anaerobic respiration is less then that of aerobic respiration but more then that of fermentation.)

_______ respiration Uses a molecule other then O2 as a terminal electron acceptor. (such as nitrate, nitrite, sulfate)

__________ (does not use electron transport chain) (Book)- metabolic process that stops short of oxidizing glucose or other organic compounds completely, using an organic intermediate such as pyruvate or derivative as a terminal electron acceptor.

Fermentation uses an electron transport chain T/F?
True False

two types of fermentation _______ ________ and _______________

Assuming a sufficient concentration of substrate is available, increasing enzyme concentration will _______ the enzyme reaction rate.

At a constant enzyme concentration and at lower concentrations of substrates, the substrate concentration is the limiting factor. As the substrate concentration increases, the enzme reaction rate ________.
However, at very high substrate concentrations, the enzymes become saturated with substrate and a higher concentration of substrate does ________the reaction rate.