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Most common survival stresses
Thirst & Hunger
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What is pain in a survival situation?
A discomfort that can be tolerated
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What are the categories of fear?
Conscious and subconscious
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When is fear conscious?subconscious?
- Conscious when the fear is physical.
- subconscious when the fear is psychological.
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How a person reacts to fear is dependent on what?
The person
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What is the 3 step copping process for dealing with fear?
- 1. Understand
- 2. Admit
- 3. Accept
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What factors are unique to each area and present their own combination of hazards?
Climate, terrain, and wildlife
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What is the most important element of the will to survive?
Attitude
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What is the first action of emergency care other then controlling bleeding?
Establish responsivness (ABC)
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What is the most effective method of conrolling bleeding?
Direct pressure
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What type of bleeding is the most serious?
Arterial-carries blood from the heart through the body.
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What type of blood is returning to the heart through blood vessels called veins and is easier to control then artrial bleeding?
Venous
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How many liters of blood does the human body contatin?
6 liters
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What should you not apply to a burn?
Lotion, oil, petroleum based products
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How do you treat a burn?(main considerations)
- 1.Stop further burning
- 2.relieve the pain
- 3.treat for shock
- 4.remove constrictive clothing
- 5.steralize
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Where do you immobilize a broken joint?
above and below the joint fracture
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Where do you immobilize a broken bone around a joint?
immobilize the bone above and below the joint.
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what is the first sign of a broken bone?
Pain
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What is the correct order of application for the methods of controlling bleeding?
direct pressure, elevation, pressure points
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What is always a factor in a survival episode?
Shock
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Initial treatment of fractures, dislocations and sprains consists of
Treating any existing wounds at the injury sight and immobilizing the injury
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A ________ occurs when three or more ribs are broken in two places and the fractures become a freefloating
segment.
Flail Chest
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What four prerequisites should be satisfied when selecting a shelter location?
Location, sfaety, materials, space
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List five reasons for building a fire during a survival episode
Warmth, light, cooking, drying, signaling
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Build a fire to meet specific needs. Small fires require less fuel, are easier to control, and their heat can be
concentrated. True/False
True
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In cold weather, several small fires surrounding the shelter site are much more effective than one large fire. True/False
True
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What is the most abundant piece of material available?
Parachute material
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When constructing a shelter locate the entrance ___ from the prevailing winds
45-90 degrees
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When constructing a shelter if the fire is outside the shelter locate the enterence ___ from the prevailing winds.
90 degrees
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What are the 3 stages of firecraft?
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what are the 3 types of pyrotechnic signalig devices?
- MK-13 flare
- MK-124 flare
- AP/25 gyro jet
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If the AP/25 does not launch what can you do?
re-seat the flare using caution not to uncap the live flare with hand.
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What is the most important/valuable piece of equipment in the survival kit?
PRC-90
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what is the most valuable piece of rescue equipment next to the radio?
Signal mirror
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when is the URT-33C/M (the personal locator beacon activated and what are its modes?
- activated upon ejection.
- modes are timed(tx every 10min) and continuous (last aprox 15 hours)
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When is the ELT activated?
automatically upon ejection
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Where is the survival kit located?
Below the seat
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What is the minimum survival kit connected to?
the torso harness
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What is the most recommended item in a personal survival kit?
Matches (stow in waterproof container)
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who must approve the personal survival kit?and what should be considered
- The life support officer LSO.
- do items meet personal needs and the location you are flying in.
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How much water does the avg adult require daily to survive?
2 quarts min
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How long can a human survive without water?
72hours
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Sworming insects are a good indicator of the presence of what?
ground water
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what do bird droppings indcate near an area?
there is water near by.
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How can you purify water?
- 1.add iodine tablet
- 2.boil for 1 min at sea level add 1 min for every 1k feet.
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What must you do to water before purifing it?
filter it
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what is the most dangerous heat illness?
Heat stroke.
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what is the most common heat illness?
Heat Exhaustion
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what is hypothermia?
gradual or rapid cooling of the body, occurs when the bodies core temp drops below 95F
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Define COLDER as it pertains to caring for clothing
- Clean
- Overheating, avoid
- Loose and layered
- Dry
- Examine clothing
- Repair clothing
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What is the most common survival problem?
- Contact dermitits
- Poision Ivy, Oak, Sumac
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From where do we get tools for survival?
- Military
- personal experience
- enviornment
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List three signs and symptoms of dehydration
- Headache
- irratability
- general ill feeling
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Define heat exhaustion.
Water loss through profuse sweating
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Define heat stroke
No sweating, increase in body temp
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List the two types of cold exposure illnesses
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