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political party
group of people with broad common interests who organize to win elections, control govt, and thereby influence govt policies
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one party systems (4 bullets)
- usually in authoritarian govt
- often come to pwwr by froce
- ex. cuba, vietnam, n korea, china
- also in non communist nations; iran= theocracy, mexico= 1 party
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multiparty systems (2 bullets)
- each party represents different ideologies
- usually break down when disputes arise= unstable
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ideologies
basic beliefs about government
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coalition government
when several parties combine forces to obtain a majority
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two party systems (3 bullets)
- us
- 2 dominating parties
- minor parties can exist
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how many political parties at end of washingtons second term and what were they?
2: federalists- for strong national government and democratic-republicans- pwr to states
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third party
any party other than the 2 major parties; in elections each additional party is called a third party; common between all third parties: neither party is meeting certain needs
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single-issue party and example
- exclusive focus on 1 major social, econ, or moral issue, generally short lived
- 1840s liberty party and free soil party= stronger stands on slavery
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ideological party and example
- overall change in society, no specific issue, extreme views
- libertarian party=drastic reduction in government to increase personal freedom
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splinter party and example
- splits from major party bcuz of disagreement
- 1912 bull moose party led by roosevelt= rep, died after roosevelt lost election
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third party impact (2 bullets)
- take voters from other cands
- often promote unpopular ideas that are later adopted by major parties (min wage, 5 day work week, health and unemployment insurance)
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single-member districts
cands seek a single office that represents all voters in an area, only one wins
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proportional representation
several officials are elected to represent voters in an area; encourages minor parties=more likely to be included
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difficulties of third parties (3 bullets)
- finance
- must look capable of beating major parties
- need staying power
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