-
most used water soluable vitamin
Vitamin C
-
absorbed in the stomach, while everything else is absorbed in the small intestine
Carbs
-
water is absorbed in the
large intestine
-
anabolic reactions are a ___ ____ for metabolism and storage of nutrients
build up
-
catabolic is a ____ ____ for metabolism and storage of nutrients
break down
-
function: major energy source after it is broken down in to glucose
carbs
-
Deficiency: cells cannot function without glucose as an energy source
carbs
-
function: formation of cells, enzymes, antibodies; fluid balance; reserve energy supply
proteins
-
deficiency: stunted growth, susceptability to infection; edema
proteins
-
function: structucre of cell walls; transport of fat-soluable vitamins; reserve energy supply
lipids
-
deficiency: of fat soluable vitamins; poor skin turgor
lipids
-
function: necessary for metabolism; use of all other nutrients
water
-
deficiency: dehydration; increased temperature; ineffective body function
water
-
function: necessary for varied functions of cell growth and enzyme production
minerals
-
function:necessary for cell growth and maintenance
vitamins
-
grapefruit juice should be avoided because it has this effect on medications
reduced absorbtion
-
clients who are NPO and receive only standard IV fluids for more then ____ to ____ days are at nutritional risk
4-7
-
these medications affect taste
anti-fungals
-
increase peristalsis by irritating the sensory nerve endings in the mucous membrane lining of the large intestine
stimulant cathartics
-
these types of cathartics include cascara, dulcolax and ex-lax
stimulant cathartics
-
increase the size of stool by either increaasing the amount of indigestible cellulose or by increasing the amount of water absorbed
bulk forming cathartics
-
these types of catharitcs include, metamucil, citrucel, and fibercon
bulk forming cathartics
-
these salts either cause interference with water reabsorbtion or if they are hypertonic they will draw water into the large intestine
saline cathartics
-
these types of cathartics include milk of magnesia, magnesium citrate, go lytely, and lactulose
saline cathartics
-
oils are not digested so they delay emptying time of the stomach and should not be given with meals
emollient or lubricant cathartics
-
this type of cathertic includes mineral oil
emollient or lubricant cathartics
-
they act as wetting agents of the fecal contents which permit water and fatty materials to penetrate and produce a more moist bulky mass
stool softners
-
these types of cathartics include docusate calcium, colace and peri-colace
stool softners
-
duodenum and jejunum is seperated by the
pyloric sphencter
-
end of small intestine and begining of large intestine
ileocecal valve
-
constipation is a _____ not a disease
symptom
-
results from unrelieved constipation; continuous oozing of liquid stool occurs
impaction
-
associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorbtion, and secretion in the GI tract
diarrhea
-
performed in a medical emergency when health care workers anticipate closure of the colostomy; temp large stoma in the transverse colon
loop colostomy
-
colostomy that consists of one stoma formed from the proximal end of the bowel with the distal portion on the GI tract either removed or sewen shut
end colostomy
-
the bowel is surgically severed and the two ends are brought out onto the abdomen
double barrell colostomy
-
-
these solutions infused into the bowel exert osmotic pressure that pulls fluids out of interstitial spaces
hypertonic solutions
-
you can add this to tap water or saline to create the effect of intestinal irritation to stimulate peristalsis
soapsuds
-
binds with ammonia and keeps it in the stool
lactulose
-
raised BUN but a normal creatinine is a sign of
dehydration
-
raised BUN and creatinine is a sign of
kidney damage
-
stopping urine from leaving the body
postrenal
-
decreased blood flow to and thru the kidneys
prerenal
-
decreased kidney function can cause
anemia
-
second to diabetes and hypertension, irreversable damage to the tissue
end stage renal disease
-
increase in nitrogenous wastes in the blood, marked fluid, and electrolyte abnormalities, nausea, vomiting, headache, coma and convulsions
uremic syndrome
-
this type of analgesic is nephrotoxic
NSAIDS
-
decrease output of urine
oliguria
-
-
an accumulation of urine due to the inability of the bladder to empty; pressure grows and grows causing incontin.
urinary retention
-
flank pain may occur when this organ is infected or inflammed
kidneys
-
this rises above the symphysis pubis when it is distended
bladder
-
a client with normal renal function needs this much fluid daily
2000-2500ml
-
the bladder is innervated by the
parasympathetic nervous system
-
a deficit in the normal function of sensory reception and perception is a
sensory deficit
-
inadequate quality or quanity of stimulation
sensory deprivation
-
reception of multiple sensory stimuli
sensory overload
-
stimlation of receptor such as light, touch, or sound
reception
-
integration and terpretation of stimuli
perception
-
only the most important stimuli will elicit a reaction
reaction
-
wrote the attachment theory that describes the experience of mourning. attachment and instinctive behaviour leads to the development of affectional bonds btwn kids and their primary care giver
Bolwbys
-
He proposes four tasks of mourning and suggests that mourning persons actively engage in behaviours to help themselves and respond to outside interventions
Worden
-
involves the internal sense of individuality, wholeness, and consistency of a person over time and in different situations
identity
-
the way in which individuals perceive their ability to carry out significant roles
role performance
-
individuals overall feeling of self-worth or the emotional appraisal of self-concept
self esteem
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