A&P lecture midterm

Intestines would be found in what region?

the parietal pleural would represent...

lungs are located in three cavities...what are they?

Put molecules, atoms, organs, cells, and and tissues in order from simplest to most complex

the stomach is located in what cavity?

Subdivisions of anatomy include:

The term pollex refers to

The dorsal body cavity is the site of the brain

Sagittal

Frontal

The dorsal cavity protects the nervous system

Ribosomal RNA forms part of the protein systhesis site in the

Tranfer RNA act as “interpreter” molecules that...

Synthetase enzymes attach the correct amino acid to...

ATP provides the energy needed for

Messenger RNA is found in

Messenger RNA specifies

Ribosomal RNA may be attached to the ____or scattered in the ____________

Chromosomes decoil to form chromatin in what phase?

Chromosomal cetromeres split and chromosomes migrate to oppisite ends of the cell in what phase?

Nuclear membrane and nucleolus disintegrate in what phase?

Chromosomes align on the spindle equator in what phase?

Centrioles move to oppisite ends of the cell in what phase?

ER plays a role in the synthesis of steroid-based hormones and proteins

the actual site of protein synthesis

Hollow cytoskeletal elements that act as organizers for the cytoskeleton are called

Nucleoli are dense spherical bodies in the nucleus that are the synthesis site for

Nucleus houses

Tight junctions help prevent molecules from passing through the extracellular space between adjacent cells

a type of anchoring junction

____ junctions are communicators and are present in electrically excitable tissues

______ are abundant in tissues subjected to great mechanical stress

Both potassium and sodium ions can “leak” through the cell membrane due to diffusion

In certain kinds of muscle cells, calcium ions are stored in the smooth ER

The RNA responsible for bringing the amino acids to the “factory” site for protein formation is

The plasma membrane is

The plasma membrane is selectively permeable

The plasma membrane acts as a site of cell-to-cell interaction and recognition

finger-like projections that increase the absorbing surface of cells

If cells are placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the membrane is impermeable the cells will

Once solid material is phagocytized and taken into a vacuole a lysosome combines with the vacuole and digests the enclosed solid material

Riboswitches are

Plasma membrane protein transport molecules through the membrane

mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA play a role in

Mitosis produces

Centrioles consist of

Melanin is an

Recptor-mediated endocytosis is the main mechanism for the movement of most macromolecules by body cells

Passive membrane transport processes include

Enzymes called caspases destroy the cell’s DNA and cytoskeleton, producing a quick death of the cell

Mitochondria contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function

Peroxisomes are able to detoxify substances by

DNA replication takes place during

In the maintenance of the cell resting membrane potential extracellular sodium levels are high

A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms

Phosphlipids form a bilayer that is largely impermeable to water-soluble molecules

Cyclic AMP and calcium may be second messengers

The main component of the cytosol is

Lysosomes contain acid hydrolases that are potentially dangerous to the cell

The endomembrane system is an interactive system of organelles whose membranes are physically or functionally connected

The functions of centrioles include

A gene can best be defined as

Extracellular matrix is the most abundant extracellular material

Crenation is likely to occur in blood cells in

Some hormones enter cells via

Keratinocytes are the most abundant cells of the

Keratin is the protein found in the epidermis that is responsible for

Cells plus a disc-like sensory nerve ending that functions as a sensory receptor for touch

Epidermal dendritic cells are skin macrophages that help activate the

Cornified keratinocytes are cell remnants of the

Stratum corneum is the layer of the epidermis where the cells are

The glands that serve an important function in thermoregulation are the

The layer that contains the mitotic viable cells of the epidermis is the

Hair that lacks pigment and is often called “immature hair” is

Erythemia may indicate

Pallor may indicate

Jaundice usually indicates

Addison’s disease gives the apearance of

Cyanosis gives

Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from

Porphyria is an inherited condition that affects

A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forarm in this order

Acne is a disorder associated with

Arrector pili cause

If a splinter penetrated the second epidermal layer of the sole of the foot it would damage the

Meissner’s corpuscles are specialized for reception of

Kinky hair has flat, ribbonlike hair shafts

Ceruminous glands secrete cerumen, which is thought to

The function of the root hair plexus is to allow the hair to

Vernix caseosa is a whitsh material produced by

The ceruminous gland is a modified sudoriferous gland that secretes

Nutrients reach the surface of the skin through the process of

The major part of the hypodermis’s make-up is

Squamous cell carcinoma appears as a

Keratinocytes are an important epidermal cell because they produce a

The Stratum basale is responsible for

Macrophages called epidermal dendritic cells arise from

Lamellated granules of the cells of the stratum granulosum, a glycolipid that is secreted into extracellular spaces proctect against excessive water loss through the skin

Fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells are likely to be found in the

The reticular layer of the dermis constitutes 80% of the dermis and is responsible for

Prolonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion, which in turn acts as a

An epidermal dendritic cell is a specialized

Fingernails are a modification of the

Eccrine and apocrine glands are

The composition of the secretions of the eccrine glands is

Apocrine glands are found in the

The secretion of sebum is stimulated by

The extent of burn damage is determined by

Eyebrow follicles are

With osteoporosis bones are

With osteomalacia bone formed is

Paget’s disease causes

Comminuted fracture

The lining of the marrow cavity is the

Osteoclasts are cells that

Lamellae are layers of

Canaliculi are small channels that radiate through

Osteoblasts are cells that

Chondrocytes are the cells responsible for

The growth pattern of bone in which matrix is laid down on the surface is called

Diaphysis is the area of long bones where

The appearance of the epiphyseal line signals

Area where longitudinal bone growth takes place is called

Compact bone is adapted to

The cell responsible for secreting the matrix of bone is

Hyaline cartilage is

Deficiency of GH during bone formation can cause

A fracture in the shaft of the bone would be a break in the

The term diploe refers to

Ossification of the ends of long bones is produced by

The most abundant skeletal cartilage type is

The osteon is the structural unit of

Bones are covered and lined by protective tissue called

The periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by

The canal that runs through the core of each osteon is

The Haversian canal is the site of

Lacunae are the small spaces in

The process of bones increasing in width is known as

Parathyroid hormone increases osteoclast activity to release

Cranial bones develop within

The thyroid produces hormones that

Osteomyelitis is due to

In the epiphyseal plate, cartilage grows by

Spongy bones are made up of

Blood cell formation is called

A bone embedded in a tendon is called a

A foramen is

Lacrimal bones are

The temporal bones house the

Lacrimal bones have a passageway into the

The sella turica is a portion of the

The fingers have three and the thumb has two

The humerous articulates with the

The radius articulates with

The lumbar vertebrae have the thickest

The lumbar vertebrae have

The coccyx is a

The atlas is a circle of bone that articulates superiorly with

The thoracic vertebrae have

The ilium forms the largest portion of the

The skull, vertebral column, and rib cage make up the