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what does biology mean?
- bios=life
- logos=study
- biology=life-study
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how many characteristics of life are there?
9
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What are the characteristics of life?
- made of cells
- they grow
- development
- reproduction
- irritability
- require energy
- metabolism
- homeostasis
- all living things change through time
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What is the name for an organism that contains only one cell; for an organism with multiple cells?
unicellular, multicellular
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What is the final stage of development in an organism called?
Adult
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What are the two kinds of reproduction and what are their differences?
- asexual-one parent
- sexual-two parents
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What is homeostasis?
the balanced internal conditions in a cell.
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What happens when a species changes through time?
evolution.
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What is the process when a population changes and the weak die out?
natural selection
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What is a major theme in biology, __________ and __________ in life?
unity, diversity
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What is "the genetic code?"
DNA
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What does the tree of life show?
That all organisms are descended from a common ancestor.
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What are the three parts of the tree of life?
- Archea, specific bacteria, special conditions
- Bacteria
- Eukarya
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What is ecology?
- Interdependance of organisms-
- dependent on each other
- dependent on physical environment
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What two things that organisms are dependent on?
each other and the physical environment
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What does natural selection determine?
Which traits are favorable.
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What does natural selection lead to?
survival and reproduction
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What explains the diversity of life?
adaptations to the environment.
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What does pure science ask?
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What does applied science explain?
the effect on humans
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What does applied science need?
ethics and morality
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Is science a process?
Yes.
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How many steps are there in the scientific process?
8
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What are the steps in the scientific process?
- 1.make observations
- 2.make a prediction
- 3.hypothesis
- 4.experimentation
- 5.collect data
- 6.conclusion
- 7.peer review and publication
- 8.made into a theory
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Explain the step: make observation
observe, leads to questions
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Explain the step: make a prediction
predict the outcome of your experiment before begin
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Explain the step: hypothesis
- a hypothesis is a scientific eplanation for observations
- an educated guess on the outcome of an experiment
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Explain the step: collect data
- data is numerical facts
- tables and/or graphs
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Explain the step: conclusion
it either supports or rejects the hypothesis.
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Explain the step: peer review and publication
send your results to other scientists and have them review it. If their results are the same, publish your work
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Explain the step: theory
after your work is published, if the work is sucessful over and over again, it is regarded as theory untill it is disproven
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What is biased?
basing idea on personal belief rather than science.
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______ peer review is necessary.
Continuous
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How many lenses does a microscope have?
2
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What are the lenses called?
the objective and ocular lenses.
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How is total magnification calculated?
ocular lens times objective lens. Ocular is 10x and objective is normaly 10/20/40
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What kind of microscope has two lenses?
compound light microscope
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In the 1600s who made the first compound light microscope?
Anton van Leewenhoek
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What is resolution?
The ability to distiguish between two objects clearly. magnification up, resolution down.
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Besides a compound light microscope, what is the only other kind?
Electron microscope
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