-
context: endocrine system: growth (Nickola)
Somavert
- Growth Hormone antagonist
- Use: patients with: gigantism but not as well as it is for acromegaly which works better for
-
context: endocrine system: growth (Nickola)
Pitocin
- oxytocin-like
- labor induction, placental delivery
-
context: endocrine system: pineal gland (Nickola)
melatonin supplements
- melatonin (1) inhibits reproductive functions, are (2) free radical scavengers, and (3) establishes circadian rhythms
- Use: for patients with: insomnia and jet lag
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Tamsulosin
- adrenergic receptor: alpha-1
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: antagonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Terazosin
- adrenergic receptor: alpha-1
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: antagonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Doxazosin
- adrenergic receptor: alpha-1
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: antagonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Clonidine
- adrenergic receptor: alpha-2
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: agonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Tizanidine
- adrenergic receptor: alpha-2
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: agonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Atenolol
- adrenergic receptor: beta-1
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: antagonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Metoprolol
- adrenergic receptor: beta-1
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: antagonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Bisoprolol
- adrenergic receptor: beta-1
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: antagonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Propanolol
- adrenergic receptor: beta-1, beta-2
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: antagonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Albuterol
- adrenergic receptor: beta-2
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: agonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Salmeterol
- adrenergic receptor: beta-2
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: agonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Pseudoephedrine
- adrenergic receptor: alpha/beta
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: agonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Carvedilol
- adrenergic receptor: alpha/beta
- endogenous agonist: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
- function: antagonist
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Cortisol (hydrocortisone)
- synthetic glucocorticosteroid
- half-life: <1.5 hours
- potency: 1x
- Top 200 listing: -
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Prednisone
- synthetic glucocorticosteroid
- half-life: 2-5 hours
- potency: 4x
- Top 200 listing: generic
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Prednisolone
- synthetic glucocorticosteroid
- half-life: 2-5 hours
- potency: 4x
- Top 200 listing: -
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Methyprednisolone
- synthetic glucocorticosteroid
- half-life: 2-5 hours
- potency: 5x
- Top 200 listing: generic
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Triamcinolone
- synthetic glucocorticosteroid
- half-life: >5 hours
- potency: 5x
- Top 200 listing: generic, Nasacort AQ™
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Dexamethasone
- synthetic glucocorticosteroid
- half-life: >5 hours
- potency: 20-50x
- Top 200 listing: Tobradex™ (2 agents)
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Betamethasone
- synthetic glucocorticosteroid
- half-life: >5 hours
- potency: 20-50x
- Top 200 listing: generic (2 agents)
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Fluticasone
- synthetic glucocorticosteroid
- half-life: -
- potency: ?
- Top 200 listing: Flonase™, Flovent™
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Mometasone
- synthetic glucocorticosteroid
- half-life: -
- potency: ?
- Top 200 listing: Nasonex™
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
Budesonide (that rebel)
- synthetic glucocorticosteroid
- half-life: -
- potency: ?
- Top 200 listing: Rhinocort AQ™
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
ACE inhibitors
- diuretic:
- 1. increase fluid loss
- 2. to lower blood pressure
- 3. to decrease heart's effort
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
angiotensin II receptor antagonists
- diuretic:
- 1. increase fluid loss
- 2. to lower blood pressure
- 3. to decrease heart's effort
-
context: endocrine system: stress (Richard)
aldosterone receptor antagonists
- diuretic:
- 1. increase fluid loss
- 2. to lower blood pressure
- 3. to decrease heart's effort
-
context: hyperthyroidism treatment (Munson)
Perchlorate (ClO4-)
competes with I- for uptake by Na+/I- symporter
-
context: hyperthyroidism treatment (Munson)
Propylthiouracil
inhibits thyroid peroxidase and 5'-deiodinase
-
context: hyperthyroidism treatment (Munson)
131I
destroys follicle cells
-
context: hyperthyroidism treatment (Munson)
Propanolol
- beta-1, beta-2 adrenergic receptor antagonists (beta blockers)
- treats symptoms:
- tachycardia, arrhythmias, agitation
-
context: hypothyroidism (Munson)
lithium
drug induced cause for primary hypothyroidism
-
context: hypothyroidism treatment (Munson)
iodine
- if iodine levels are low
- -may lead to transient hyperthyroidism until it goes to equilibrium
-
context: hypothyroidism treatment (Munson)
synthetic T4
- aka levothyroxine sodium
- long half life - spread out dosing
- converted to T3 in the tissues
- negative feedback on TRH/TSH production - decrease in goiter size
-
context: hypothyroidism treatment (Munson)
synthetic T3
- aka liothyronine sodium
- for emergency use only
- short half life - quick/ "now" dosing
- fast acting
-
context: hypoparathyroidism (Munson)
Thiazide diuretics
drug induced cause for secondary hypoparathyroidism
-
context: hypoparathyroidism (Munson)
lithium
drug induced cause for secondary hypoparathyroidism
-
context: hypoparathyroidism (Munson)
Al/Mg antacids
drug induced cause for secondary hypoparathyroidism
-
context: hypoparathyroidism/hyperparathyroidism treatment (Munson)
PTH supplementation
- treat hypocalcemia (1º hypoparathyroidism/2º hyperparathyroidism)
- increase Ca2+low supply, expensive
-
context: Type 1 DM treatments (Bryant)
Humulin (isophane or regular)
- top 200 insulins
- recombinant human insulin
- first commerical use of recombinant DNA technology
- works within 30 minutes, peaks in 3 hours
-
context: Type 1 DM treatments (Bryant)
Humalog (lispro)
- top 200 insulins
- recombinant human insulin
- works within 5-15 minutes, peaks in 1 hour
- clumps less than Humulin, so more bioavailable
-
context: Type 1 DM treatments (Bryant)
Lantus (glargine)
- top 200 insulins
- recombinant human insulin
- works within 1-2 hours, remains steadily active for 24 hours
- slow release from injected tissue site
-
context: Type 1 DM treatments (Bryant)
Levemir (detemir)
- top 200 insulin
- recombinant human insulin
- works within 1-2 hours, remains steadily active for 24 hours
- binds to albumin in circulation, slow release
-
context: Type 2 DM treatments (Bryant)
Metformin
- top 200 Biguanides
- oral Rx
- antihyperglycemic drugs (dec. gluconeogenesis in liver)
-
context: Type 2 DM treatments (Bryant)
Glipizide
- top 200 Sulfonylureas
- oral Rx
- hypoglycemic drugs (inc. insulin secretion)
-
context: Type 2 DM treatments (Bryant)
Glyburide
- top 200 Sulfonylureas
- oral Rx
- hypoglycemic drugs (inc. insulin secretion)
-
context: Type 2 DM treatments (Bryant)
Glimepiride
- top 200 Sulfonylureas
- oral Rx
- hypoglycemic drugs (inc. insulin secretion)
-
context: Type 2 DM treatments (Bryant)
Rosiglitazone (Avandia)
- not top 200 Thiazolidinediones, Glitazones
- oral Rx
- antihyperglycemic drugs (inc. insulin sensitivity)
-
context: Type 2 DM treatments (Bryant)
Pioglitazone (Actos)
- top 200 Thiazolidinediones, Glitazones
- oral Rx
- antihyperglycemic drugs (inc. insulin sensitivity)
-
context: Type 2 DM treatments (Bryant)
insulin
non-oral Rx
-
context: Type 2 DM treatments (Bryant)
Byetta (Exenatide)
- top 200 - 2005
- synthetic version of exendin-4
- binds and activates glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor
- resistant to breakdown by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4)
- s.c. injection 60 minutes before a meal
- *Oct. 16th 2007: FDA warns of possible link between diabetes drug and acute pancreatitis
-
context: Type 2 DM treatments (Bryant)
Januvia (sitagliptin)
- top 200 - 2006
- oral drug, once a day
- dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor
- decreased breakdown of incretins --> increased incretin levels --> a) increased insulin production, b) decreased glucose from the liver
-
context: Type 2 DM treatments (Bryant)
Kombiglyze XR (saxagliptin and metformin)
- 2010 - approved November 5th
- first and only once-a-day metformin extended-release (XR) plus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor combination tablet
- intended to treat 3 main problems of DM type 2:
- 1. increases insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner
- 2. suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis
- 3. improves insulin sensitivity
-
context: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) treatments- depends on symptoms (Bryant)
birth control pill
for those who need contraception; acne
-
context: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) treatments- depends on symptoms (Bryant)
Spironolactone
- top 200
- for acne, hirsutism, hypertension
-
context: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) treatments- depends on symptoms (Bryant)
Clomiphene (CLOMID)
for infertiliy
-
context: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) treatments- depends on symptoms (Bryant)
Metformin
- top 200
- for insulin insensitivity, diabetes mellitus type 2, infertility (combined with clomiphene)
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